Biology list of terms

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Biology list of terms

A Band	Aldehyde	Annual	Atrioventricular Valve	Biogenic Amines
A Site	Aldosterone	Antennae	Atrium	Biogeochemical Cycles
Abdominal Cavity	Algae	Anterior	Autonomatic Nervous System	Biogeography
Abiotic Components	Alimentary Canals	Anterior Pituitary	Autoploidy	Bioinformatics
ABO Blood Groups	Allantois	Anther	Autosome	Biological Clock
Abscisic Acid (ABA)	Alleles	Antheridia	Autotroph	Biological Magnification
Absorbtion	Allometric Growth	Anthropoids	Auxin	Biological Species Concept
Absorption Spectrum	Allopatric Speciation	Antibiotic	Avirulent	Biomass
Abyssal Zone	Allopolyploid	Antibody	Axillary Bud	Biomass Pyramid
Acanthodians	Alosteric Site	Anticodon	Axon	Biome
Acclimatization	Alpha Cells	Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)	Axon Hillock	Bioremediation
Accomodation	Alpha Helix	Antigen	B Lymphocyte (B Cell)	Biosphere
Acetyl CoA	Alternation of Generations	Antigen Presentation	Bacterial Artificial Chromosome	Biotechnology
Acetylcholine	Alternation of Generations	Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs)	Bacteriophages	Biotic Components
Acid	Alternative RNA Splicing	Antigen Receptor	Bacteriorhodopsin	Bipolar Cell
Acid Chyme	Altruism	Aphotic Zone	Bacteroids	Birth Control Pills
Acid Precipitation	Alu Element	Apical Dominance	Baculum	Bisexual Flower
Acoelomate	Alveolata	Apical Ectodermal Ridge (AER)	Balanced Polymorphism	Blade
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)	Alveoli	Apical Meristem	Bark	Blastocoel
Acrosomal Reaction	Amacrine Cell	Apicomplexan	Barr Body	Blastocyst
Acrosome	Amine	Apomixis	Barrier Methods	Blastodisc
Actin	Amino Acid	Apoplast	Bartholin's Glands	Blastomeres
Action Potential	Amino Group	Apoptosis	Basal body	Blastopore
Action Spectrum	Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthase	Aposematic Coloration	Basal Metabolic rate	Blastula
Activation Energy	Aminopeptidase	Appendix	Basal Nuclei	Blood
Activator	Ammonia	Aquaporin	Base	Blood Pressure
Active Immunity	Ammonification	Aqueous Humor	Basement Membrane	Blood Vessel
Active Site	Ammonites	Aqueous Solution	Base-Pair Substitution	Blood-Brain Barrier
Active Transport	Amniocentesis	Archegonia	Basidiocarps	Body Cavity
Adaptive Management	Amnion	Archenteron	Basidium	Bohr Shift
Adaptive Radiation	Amniote	Archosaurs	Basophils	Bolus
Adenohypophysis	Amoeba	Arteriole	Batesian Mimicry	Bone
Adenylyl Cyclase	Amoebocyte	Arteriosclerosis	Behavior	Book Lungs
Adhesion	Amphipathic Molecule	Artery	Behavioral Ecology	Bottleneck Effect
Adipose Tissue	Amplification	Arthropod	Benign Tumor	Bottom-Up Model
Adrenal Cortex	Anabolic Pathway	Artificial Selection	Benthic Zone	Bowman's Capsule
Adrenal Gland	Anaerobic	Ascocarps	Benthos	Brachiopod
Adrenal Medulla	Anaerobic Respiration	Ascus	Beta Cell	Brain Hormone (BH)
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)	Analogy	Asexual Reproduction	Beta Oxidation	Branched Sporophytes
Adventitious	Anaphase	Asparate	Beta Pleated Sheet	Brassinosteroids
Aerobic	Anaphylactic Shock	Associative Learning	Biennial	Breathing
Afferent Arteriole	Anapsids	Astrocytes	Big-Bang Reproduction	Breathing Control Center
Afrotheria	Anatomically Modern Humans	Asymmetrical Cell Division	Bilateral Symmetry	Bronchi
Age Structure	Anatomy	Atherosclerosis	Bilateria	Bronchioles
Agglutination	Anchorage Dependence	Atom	Bile	Brown Fat
Aggregated Fruit	Androgens	Atomic Nucleus	Binary Fission	Bryophytes
Agnathan	Aneuploidy	Atomic Number	Binomial	Bryozoan
Agonistic Behavior	Angiosperm	Atomic Weight	Biodiversity	Budding
AIDS	Angiotensin II	ATP	Biodiversity Crisis	Budgets
Alcohol	Anhydrobiosis	ATP Synthase	Biodiversity Hot Spot	Buffer
Alcohol Fermentation	Animal Pole	Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF)	Bioenergetics	Bulbourethral Gland
	Anion	Atrioventricular Node	Biogenesis	Bulk Flow

Bulk-Feeder	Cell Cycle	Chondrocytes	Codominance	Conservation Biology
Bundle-Sheath Cell	Cell Cycle Control System	Chordate	Codon	Contraception
C3 Plant	Cell Division	Chorion	Coeficient of Relatedness	Contractile Vacuole
C4 Plant	Cell Fractionation	Chorionic Villus Sampling	Coelom	Control Elements
Cadherins	Cell Lineage	Choroid	Coelomate	Convection
Calcitonin	Cell Plate	Chromatin	Coenocytic	Convergent Evolution
Callus	Cell Wall	Chromosome	Coenzyme	Convergent Extension
Calmodulin	Cell-Mediated Immunity	Chromosome Theory of Inheritance	Coevolution	Cooperativity
Calorie (cal)	Cellular Respiration	Chromosome Walking	Cofactor	Copepod
Calsius Scale	Cellular Slime Mold	Chylomicrons	Cognition	Coral Reefs
Calvin Cycle	Celluler Differentiation	Chymostrypsin	Cognitive Ethology	Corepressor
Calyptra	Cellulose	Chytrids	Cognitive Map	Cork Cambium
CAM Plant	Central Canal	Ciliary Body	Cohesion	Cornea
Cambrium Explosion	Central Nervous System (CNS)	Ciliate	Cohort	Corpus Callosum
cAMP Receptor Protein	Centriole	Cilium	Coitus	Corpus Luteum
Canavanine	Centromere	Circadian Rhythm	Coleoptile	Cortex
Canopy	Centrosome	Clade	Coleorhiza	Cortical Granules
Capillary	Cephalization	Cladogram	Collagen	Cortical Nephrons
Capillary Bed	Cephalochordates	Class	Collagenous Fibers	Cortical Reaction
Capsid	Cerebellum	Class Actinistia	Collecting Duct	Corticosteroids
Capsule	Cerebral Cortex	Class Actinopterygii	Collenchyma Cell	Cotransport
Carbohydrate	Cerebral Hemispheres	Class Amphibia	Colloblasts	Cotyledons
Carbon Fixation	Cerebrospinal Fluid	Class Arachnida	Colon	Countercurrent Exchange
Carbonyl Group	Cerebrum	Class Chilopoda	Columnar	Countercurrent Heat Exchanger
Carboxyl Group	Cervix	Class Chondrichthyes	Commensalism	Courtship
Carboxylic Acid	Chaperonin	Class Crocodilia	Communication	Covalent Bond
Carboxypeptidase	Character	Class Diplopoda	Community	Cranial Nerves
Cardiac Cycle	Character Displacement	Class Dipnoi	Community Ecology	Craniata
Cardiac Muscle	Charophyceans	Class I MHC Molecules	Companion Cell	Crassulacean Acid Metabolism
Cardiac Output	Checkpoint	Class II MHC Molecules	Competitive Exclusion Principle	Crenarchaeota
Cardiovascular Disease	Chelicerae	Class Insecta	Competitive Inhibitor	Crista
Cardiovascular System	Chelicerate	Class Mammalia	Complement Fixation	Critical Load
Carinates	Chemical Bond	Class Osteichthyes	Complement System	Crossing Over
Carnivore	Chemical Energy	Class Sphenodontia	Complete Digestive Tract	Cross-Pollination
Carotenoids	Chemical Equilibrium	Class Squamata	Complete Dominance	Crustacean
Carpel	Chemical Reaction	Class Testudines	Complete Flower	Cryptic Coloration
Carrier	Chemically-Gated Ion Channels	Classical Conditioning	Complete Metamorphosis	Cryptochrome
Carrying Capacity	Chemiosmosis	Cleavage	Complimentary DNA	Cuboidal
Cartilage	Chemoautotroph	Cleavage Furrow	Compound	Cultural Eutrophication
Casparian Strip	Chemoheterotroph	Climate	Compound Eye	Cuticle
Catabolic Pathway	Chemokines	Cline	Concentration Gradient	Cyclic AMP
Catalyst	Chemoreceptor	Clitoris	Conception	Cyclic Electron Flow
Catastrophism	Chiasmata	Cloaca	Condensation Reaction	Cyclic Photophosphorylation
Catecholamines	Chimeras	Clonal Selection	Condom	Cyclin
Cation	Chitin	Clone	Conduction	Cyclin-Dependent Kinase
Cation Exchange	Chlorophyll	Cloning	Cone Cell	Cystic Fibrosis
CD4	Chlorophyll a	Cloning Vector	Conformers	Cysts
CD8	Chlorophyll b	Closed Circulatory System	Conidia	Cytochromes
Cecum	Chloroplast	Club Fungus	Conifer	Cytokines
Cell	Choanocyte	Clumped	Conjugation	Cytokinesis
Cell Adhesion Molecules (CAMs)	Cholecytokinin	Cnidocyte	Conjunctiva	Cytokinins
Cell Body	Cholesterol	Cochlea	Conodonts	Cytological Maps

Cytoplasm	Dinosaurs	Ecology	Endorphin	Euryarchaeota
Cytoplasmic Determinants	Dioecious	Ecosystem	Endoskeleton	Euryhaline
Cytoplasmic Streaming	Dipeptidase	Ecosystem Ecology	Endosperm	Eurypterid
Cytoskeleton	Diploblastic	Ecosystem Services	Endospore	Eustachian Tube
Cytosol	Diploid Cell	Ectoderm	Endothelium	Eutherian Mammals
Cytotoxic T Cells (TC)	Diplomonads	Ectomycorrhizae	Endotherm	Eutrophic
Daily Torpor	Directional Selection	Ectoparasites	Endothermic	Eutrophication
Dalton	Disaccharide	Ectotherm	Endothermic	Evaoprative Cooling
Darwinian Fitness	Dispersal	Ectothermic	Endotoxin	Evaporation
Day-Neutral Plant	Dispersion	Ectotherms	Energetic Hypothesis	Evolution
Decapod	Dissociation Curve	Ediacaran Period	Energy	Evolutionary Adaptation
Decent With Modification	Distal Tubule	Effective Population Size	Energy Coupling	Evolutionary Time
Declining-Population Approach	Disturbance	Effector Cell	Energy Level	Exaptations
Decomposers	Disulfide Bridge	Efferent Arteriole	Enhancer	Excitable Cells
Deep Green	Diversification	Egg-Polarity Genes	Enterocoelous	Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential (EPSP)
Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents	Diversifiying Selection	Ejaculation	Enterogastrones	Excretion
Dehydration Reaction	DNA	Ejaculatory Duct	Enteropeptidase	Exergonic Reaction
Deletion	DNA Fingerprint	Elastic Fibers	Entomology	Exocytosis
Demographic Transition	DNA Ligase	Electrocardiogram	Entropy	Exoenzymes
Demography	DNA Methylation	Electrochemical Gradient	Enzymatic Hydrolysis	Exon
Denaturation	DNA Microarray Assays	Electroencephalogram (EEG)	Enzyme	Exoskeleton
Dendrite	DNA Polymerase	Electrogenic Pump	Eosinophils	Exotoxin
Denitrification	DNA Technology	Electromagnetic Receptor	Epicotyl	Expansins
Density	DNA-Binding Domain	Electromagnetic Spectrum	Epidermis	Exponential Population Growth
Density Dependent	Domain	Electron	Epididymis	Expression Vector
Density Dependent Inhibition	Dominance Hierarchy	Electron Shell	Epigenesis	External Fertilization
Density Independent	Dominant Allele	Electron Transport Chain	Epiglottis	Exteroreceptor
Deoxyribose	Dominant Species	Electronegativity	Epinephrine	Extinction Vortex
Depolarization	Dopamine	Electroporation	Episome	Extracellular Digestion
Deposit-Feeder	Dormancy	Element	Epistasis	Extracellular Matrix
Dermal Tissue	Dorsal	Elicitors	Epithalamus	Extraembryonic Membranes
Desmosome	Dorsal Lip	Elimination	Epithelial Tissue	Extreme Halophile
Determinate Cleavage	Double Bond (Covalent)	Embryo	Epitope	Extreme Thermophiles
Determination	Double Circulation	Embryo Sac	Erythrocyte	Extreomphile
Detritivores	Double Fertilization	Embryonic Lethals	Erythropoietin	Eye Cup
Detritus	Double Helix	Embryophyte	Esophagus	F Factor
Deuterostomes	Down Syndrome	Emergent Property	Essential Amino Acids	F Plasmid
Deuterostomia	Downy Mildews	Emulsification	Essential Fatty Acids	F1 Generation
Development	Duchene Muscular Dystrophy	Enantiomer	Essential Nutrient	F2 Generation
Diacylglycerol	Duodenum	Endangered Species	Estivation	Facilitated Diffusion
Diaphragm	Duplication	Endemic	Estraembryonic Membranes	Facultative Anaerobe
Diapsids	Dynamic Stability Hypothesis	Endergonic Reaction	Estrogens	Family
Diastole	Dynein	Endocrine Glands	Estrous Cycle	Fast Block to Polyspermy
Diastolic Pressure	E Site	Endocrine System	Estrus	Fast Muscle Fibers
Diatom	Ecdysone	Endocytosis	Estuary	Fat
Dicots	Ecdysozoa	Endoderm	Ethology	Fate Maps
Differentiation	Echinoderm	Endodermis	Ethylene	Fatty Acid
Diffusion	Ecological Footprint	Endomembrane System	Euchromatin	Feces
Digestion	Ecological Niche	Endometrium	Eudicots	Feedback Inhibition
Dihybrid	Ecological Species Concept	Endomycorrhizae	Euglenoid	Feedback Mechanism
Dikaryotic	Ecological Succession	Endoparasites	Eukaryotic	Fermentation
Dinoflagellate	Ecological Time	Endoplasmic Reticulum	Eumetazoan	Fertilization

Fertilization Envelope	Gamma Aminobutyric Acid (GABA)	Glucocorticoids	Heart Rate	Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG)
Fetus	Ganglion	Glutamate	Heat	Human Genome Project
Fiber	Ganglion Cell	Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate	Heat of Vaporization	Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Fibrin	Gap Genes	Glycine	Heat-Shock Protein	Humoral Immunity
Fibrinogen	Gap Junction	Glycogen	Heavy Chains	Humus
Fibroblast	Gas Exchange	Glycolysis	Helicase	Huntington's Disease
Fibronectin	Gastric Juice	Glycoprotein	Heliozoan	Hybridization
Fibrous Connective Tissue	Gastrin	Glycosidic Linkage	Helper T Cells (TH)	Hydration Shell
Fibrous Root	Gastrovascular Cavities	Gnathostomes	Hemocyanin	Hydrocarbon
Filament	Gastrovascular Cavity	Golden Algae	Hemoglobin	Hydrogen Bond
Filtrate	Gastrula	Golgi Apparatus	Hemolymph	Hydrogen Ion
Filtration	Gastrulation	Gonad	Hemophilia	Hydrolysis
First Law of Thermodynamics	Gastulation	Gonadotropins	Hepatic Portal Vessel	Hydrophilic
Fission	Gated Channel	G-Protein-Linked-Receptor	Herbivore	Hydrophobic
Fixed Action Pattern (FAP)	Gated Ion Channel	Grade	Herbivory	Hydrophobic Interaction
Flaccid	Gel Electrophoresis	Graded Potential	Heredity	Hydrostatic Skeleton
Flagellum	Gemmule	Gradualism	Hermaphrodite	Hydroxide Ion
Flower	Gene	Graft Versus Host Reaction	Hermaphroditism	Hydroxyl Group
Fluid Mosaic Model	Gene Amplification	Gram Stain	Heterochromatin	Hymen
Fluid-Feeder	Gene Cloning	Gram-Negative	Heterochrony	Hyperpolarization
Follicle	Gene Diversity	Gram-Positive	Heterogeneity	Hypersensitive Response
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)	Gene Flow	Granum	Heterokaryon	Hypertension
Follicular Phase	Gene Pool	Gravitropism	Heteromorphic	Hypertonic Solution
Food Chain	Gene Therapy	Gray Crescent	Heterosporous	Hyphae
Food Vacuole	Genealogical Species Concept	Gray Matter	Heterotroph	Hypocotyls
Food Webs	Gene-For-Gene Recognition	Green Algea	Heterozygote Advantage	Hypothalamus
Foot	Generalized Transduction	Green World Hypothesis	Heterozygous	Hypotonic Solution
Foraging	Genetic Drift	Greenhouse Effect	Hibernation	I Band
Foram	Genetic Engineering	Greening	High-Densite Lipoproteins (HDLs)	Ileum
Forebrain	Genetic Map	Gross Primary Production (GPP)	Hindbrain	Immune Adherence
Fossil	Genetic Recombination	Ground Meristem	Histamine	Immunization
Fossil Record	Genetically Modified Organisms	Ground Tissue	Histone	Immunoglobulins
Founder Effect	Genetics	Growth	Histone Acetylation	Imperfect Fungi
Fovea	Genome	Growth Cone	HIV	Imprinting
Fragile X Syndrome	Genomic Imprinting	Growth Factor	Holdfast	In Vitro Fertilization
Fragmentation	Genomic Library	Growth Hormone (GH)	Holoblastic Cleavage	In Vitro Mutagenesis
Frameshift Mutation	Genomics	Guard Cell	Homeobox	Inclusive Fitness
Free Energy	Genotype	Gustatory Receptor	Homeostasis	Incomplete Dominance
Free Energy of Activation	Genus	Guttation	Homeotic	Incomplete Flower
Frequency-Dependent Selection	Geographic Isolation	Gymnosperm	Homeotic Genes	Incomplete Metamorphosis
Fruit	Geologic Time Scale	Habituation	Hominid	Incus
Functional Group	Geometric Isomer	Hair Cell	Hominoid	Indeterminate Cleavage
Fusiform Initials	Germ Layers	Half-Life	Homologous Chromosome	Individualistic hypothesis
G Protein	Gestation	Hamilton's Rule	Homologous Structures	Induced Fit
G0 Phase	Gibberellin	Haploid Cell	Homology	Inducer
G1 Phase	Gill Circulation	Hardy-Weinberg Equaiton	Homosporous	Induction
G2 Phase	Gills	Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium	Homozygous	Inflammatory Response
Gallbladder	Glandular Epithelia	Hardy-Weinberg Theorm	Horizons	Ingestion
Gametangia	Glans Penis	Haustoria	Horizontal Cell	Ingroup
Gamete	Glia	Heart	Hormone	Inhibiting Hormone
Gametophore	Glomerulus	Heart Attack	Host	Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potential (IPSP)
Gametophyte	Glucagon	Heart Murmur	Host Range	Inner Cell Mass

Inner Ear	Karyotype	Light Microscope	Mark-Recapture Method	Middle Ear
Inositol Triphosphate	Ketone	Light Reactions	Marsupial	Middle Lamella
Insertion	Keystone Species	Limbic System	Mass Number	Migration
Insertion Sequence	Kilocalorie (kcal)	Limiting Nutrient	Mast Cells	Mineral Nutrient
Insulinlike Growth Factors (IGFs)	Kin Selection	Limnetic Zone	Maternal Effect Genes	Mineralocorticoids
Integral Protein	Kinesis	Linkage Map	Matter	Minerals
Integration	Kinetic Energy	Linked Gene	Maturation	Minimum Viable Population Size (MVP)
Integrin	Kinetochore	Lipase	Mechanoreceptor	Mismatch Repair
Integuments	Kinetoplastids	Lipid	Medulla	Missense Mutation
Interactive Hypothesis	Kingdom	Lisogenic Cycle	Medulla Oblongata	Mitochondrial Matrix
Intercalated Discs	Kingdom Plantae	Littoral Zone	Medusa	Mitochondrion
Interferons	Kingdom Streptophyta	Liver	Megapascal (Mpa)	Mitosis
Interleukin-1 (IL-1)	Kingdom Viridiplantae	Liverworts	Megaphylls	Mitotic Phase
Interleukin-2 (IL-2)	Koch's Postulates	Loam	Megaspore	Mitotic Spindle
Intermediate Filament	Krebs Cycle	Local Regulator	Meiosis	Mixotrophs
Internal Fertilization	K-Selection	Locomotion	Meiosis I	Model Organism
Interneurons	Labia Majora	Locus	Meiosis II	Modern Synthesis
Internode	Labia Minora	Logistic Population Growth	Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone (MSH)	Molarity
Interoreceptor	Labor	Long-Day Plant	Melatonin	Mold
Interphase	Lactation	Long-Term Depression (LTD)	Membrane Attack Complex (MAC)	Mole (mol)
Intersexual Selection	Lacteal	Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER)	Membrane Potential	Molecular Clock
Interspecific Competition	Lactic Acid Fermentation	Long-Term Memory	Memory Cell	Molecular Formula
Interspecific Interactions	Lagging Strand	Long-Term Potentiation (LTP)	Menstrual Cycle	Molecular Weight
Interstitial Fluid	Lancelets	Loop of Henle	Menstrual Flow Phase	Molecule
Intertidal Zone	Landmark	Loose Connective Tissue	Menstruation	Molting
Intracellular Digestion	Landscape	Lophophorate Animals	Meristem	Monoclonal Antibodies
Intrasexual Selection	Landscape Ecology	Lophophore	Meristem Identity Gene(s)	Monocots
Intrinsic Rate of Increase	Large Intestine	Lophotrochozoa	Meroblastic Cleavage	Monocyte
Introduced Species	Larva	Low-Density Lipoproteins (LDLs)	Mesentary	Monoecious
Intron	Larynx	Lungs	Mesoderm	Monogamous
Invagination	Lateral Geniculate Nuclei	Luteal Phase	Mesohyl	Monohybrid
Inversion	Lateral Inhibition	Luteinizing Hormone (LH)	Mesophyll	Monomer
Invertebrates	Lateral Line System	Lymph	Mesophyll Cell	Monophyletic
Involution	Lateral Meristem	Lymph Node	Mesotrophic	Monosaccharide
Ion	Lateral Roots	Lymphatic System	Messanger RNA (mRNA)	Monosomic
Ionic Bond	Law of Independent Assortment	Lysosome	Metabolic Rate	Monotremes
Ionic Compound	Law of Segregation	Lysozyme	Metabolism	Morphogenesis
Iris	Leading Strand	Lytic Cycle	Metamorphosis	Morphogens
Islets of Langerhans	Learning	Macroevolution	Metanephridium	Morphological Species Concept
Isomer	Lens	Macromolecule	Metaphase	Morula
Isomorphic	Lenticels	Macronutrient	Metaphase Plate	Mosaic Evolution
Isopod	Lepidosaurs	Macrophage	Metastasis	Motor Division
Isotonic Solution	Leukocyte	Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)	Methanogen	Motor Neuron
Isotope	Leydig Cell	Malignant Tumor	Microclimate	Motor Output
Iteroparity	Lichen	Malleus	Microevolution	Motor Unit
Jasmonic Acid	Life Cycle	Malnourished	Microfilament	Movement Corridor
Jejunum	Life History	Malpighian Tubules	Micronutrient	MPF
joule (J)	Life Table	Mammary Glands	Microphylls	Mucous Membrane
Juvenile Hormone (JH)	Ligament	Mandibles	Microspore	Müllerian Mimicry
Juxtaglomerular Apparatus (JGA)	Ligand	Mantle	Microtubule	Multifactorial
Juxtamedullary Nephrone	Ligand-Gated Ion Channel	Mantle Cavity	Microvilli	Multigene Family
Karyogamy	Light Chains	Map Units	Midbrain	Multiple Fruit

Multiregional Hypothesis	Nodules	Oral Cavity	Paleontology	Phase Change
Muscle Spindle	Noncompetitive Inhibitor	Orbital	Pancreas	Phenotype
Muscle Tissue	Noncyclic Electron Flow	Order	Pangea	Pheromone
Mutagen	Noncyclic Photophosphorylation	Order Anura	Parabasalids	Phloem
Mutation	Nondisjunction	Order Apoda	Parabronchi	Phoronid
Mutualism	Nonequilibrium Model	Order Urodela	Parasite	Phosphate Group
Mycetozoa	Nonpolar Covalent Bond	Organ Identity Gene	Parasitism	Phospholipids
Mycillium	Nonsense Mutation	Organ Identity Gene(s)	Parasitoidism	Phosphorylated
Mycorrhizae	Nonshivering Thermogenesis	Organ of Corti	Parasympathetic Division	Photic Zone
Mycosis	Norepinephrine	Organ System	Parathyroid Glands	Photoautotroph
Myelin Sheath	Norm of Reaction	Organelle	Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)	Photoheterotroph
Myofibril	Notochord	Organic Chemistry	Parazoan	Photomorphogenesis
Myofilaments	Nuclear Lamina	Organism	Parenchyma Cell	Photon
Myoglobin	Nuclease	Organismal Ecology	Parental Investment	Photoperiodism
Myosin	Nuclei	Organogenesis	Parental Types	Photophosphorylation
Myotonia	Nucleic Acid	Organs	Parsimony	Photoreceptor
NAD+	Nucleic Acid Hybridization	Orgasm	Parthenogenesis	Photorespiration
NADP+	Nucleic Acid Probe	Origin of Replication	Partial Pressure	Photosynthesis
Natural Family Planning	Nucleoid	Osculum	Parturition	Photosystem I
Natural Killer Cell	Nucleoid Region	Osmoconformer	Passeriformes	Photosystem II
Natural Selection	Nucleolus	Osmolarity	Passive Immunity	Photosystems
Natural Theology	Nucleosome	Osmoregulation	Passive Transport	Phototropin
Negative Feedback	Nucleotide	Osmoregulator	Pattern Formation	Phototropism
Negative Pressure Breathing	Nucleotide Diversity	Osmosis	Peat	Phragmoplast
Nematocyst	Nucleotide Excision Repair	Osteoblasts	Pedigree	Phylaum Anthophyta
Neocortex	Nucleus	Osteons	Pelagic Zone	Phylocode
Nephron	Obligate Aerobe	Ostracoderm	Penis	Phylogenetic Fuse
Neritic Zone	Obligate Anaerobe	"Out of Africa" Hypothesis	PEP Carboxylase	Phylogenetic Tree
Nerve	Oceanic Pelagic Biome	Outer Ear	Pepsin	Phylogeny
Nerve Cell	Oceanic Zone	Outgroup	Pepsinogen	Phylum
Nerve Cord	Olfactory Receptor	Oval Window	Peptide Bond	Phylum Anthocerophyta
Nerve Net	Oligodendrocytes	Ovarian Cycle	Peptidoglycan	Phylum Bryophyta
Nervous Tissue	Oligosaccharin	Ovary	Perception	Phylum Chelicerata
Net Primary Production (NPP)	Oligotrophic	Overnourishment	Perennial	Phylum Coniferophyta
Neural Crest	Ommatidia	Oviduct	Perforin	Phylum Crustacea
Neural Tube	Omnivore	Oviparous	Pericarp	Phylum Cycadophyta
Neurohypophysis	Oncogene	Ovoviviparous	Pericycle	Phylum Ginkgophyta
Neuron	One Gene-One Polypeptide Hypothesis	Ovulation	Periderm	Phylum Gnetophyta
Neuropeptides	Oogenesis	Ovule	Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)	Phylum Hepatophyta
Neurosecretory Cells	Oogonia	Ovum	Peripheral Protein	Phylum Srthropoda
Neurotransmitter	Oomycotes	Oxidation	Peripheral Resistance	Phylum Trilobita
Neutral Variation	Open Circulatory System	Oxidative Phosphorylation	Peristalsis	Phylum Uniramia
Neutralization	Operant Conditioning	Oxidizing Agent	Peristome	Physiology
Neutron	Operator	Oxytocin	Peritubular Capillaries	Phytoalexin
Neutrophil	Operculum	P Generation	Permafrost	Phytoplankton
Nitric Oxide (NO)	Operon	P Site	Peroxisome	Phytoremediation
Nitrification	Opportunistic	p53 Gene	Petal	Pilus
Nitrogen Fixation	Opposable Thumb	Paedogenesis	Petiole	Pineal Gland
Nitrogenase	Opsin	Paedomorphosis	pH	Pinocytosis
Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria	Opsonization	Pain Receptor	Phage	Pitch
Nociceptor	Optic Chiasm	Pair-Rule Genes	Phagocytosis	Pith
Node	Optimal Foraging Theory	Paleoanthropology	Pharynx	Pits

Pituitary Gland	Postsynaptic Cell	Protein	Radiometric Dating	Respiratory Pigment
Placenta	Postsynaptic Membrane	Protein Kinase	Radula	Respiratory Surface
Placental Transfer Cells	Postzygotic Barrier	Protein Phosphatase	Random	Restoration Ecology
Placoderm	Potential Energy	Proteoglycan	Ras Gene	Restriction Enzyme
Planarian	PR Proteins	Proteomics	Ratites	Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms
Plankton	Precautionary Principle	Protoandrous	Ray Initials	Restriction Site
Plasma	Predation	Protobionts	Ray-Finned Fish	Reticular Fibers
Plasma Cell	Preformation	Protoderm	Reactant	Reticular Formation
Plasma Membrane	Pregnancy	Protogynous	Reaction Center	Retina
Plasmid	Preprophase Band	Proton	Reading Frame	Retinal
Plasmodesmata	Prepuce	Proton Pump	Receptacle	Retrotransposons
Plasmodium	Presynaptic Cell	Protonema	Receptor Mediated Endocytosis	Retrovirus
Plasmogamy	Presynaptic Membrane	Protonephridium	Receptor Potential	Reverse Transcriptase
Plasmoidal Slime Mold	Prezygotic Barrier	Proton-Motive Force	Recessive Allele	Rh Factor
Plasmolysis	Primary Cell Wall	Proto-Oncogene	Reciprocal Altruism	Rhizoids
Plasmolyze	Primary Consumers	Protoplast	Recombinant	Rhodopsin
Plastid	Primary Electron Acceptor	Protoplast Fusion	Recombinant Chromosomes	Rhythm Method
Platelet	Primary Growth	Protostomes	Recombinant DNA	Ribose
Play	Primary Immune Response	Protostomia	Reconciliation Behavior	Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Pleiotropy	Primary Oocyte	Protozoan	Recruitment	Ribosome
Pluralistic Species Concept	Primary Plant Body	Provirus	Rectum	Ribozyme
Pluripotent Stem Cell	Primary Producers	Proximal Tubule	Red Algea	Ritual
Point Mutation	Primary Production	Pseudocoelom	Red Blood Cell	Rivet Model
Polar Molecule	Primary Structure	Pseudocoelomate	Redox Reaction	RNA
Polarity	Primary Succession	Pseudogenes	Reducing Agent	RNA Interference
Pollen Grains	Primary Transcript	Pseudopodium	Reduction	RNA Polymerase
Pollination	Primary Visual Cortex	Pteridophytes	Reductionism	RNA Processing
Poly(A) Tail	Primase	Pterosaurs	Redundancy Model	RNA Splicing
Polyandry	Primer	Pulmocutaneous	Reflex	Rod Cell
Polygamous	Primitive Streak	Pulmonary Circuit	Reflex Arc	Root Cap
Polygenic Inheritance	Prions	Pulse	Refractory Period	Root Hairs
Polygyny	Procambium	Punctuated Equilibrium	Regeneration	Root Pressure
Polymer	Product	Punnett Square	Regulator	Root System
Polymerase Chain Reaction	Production Efficiency	Pupil	Regulatory Gene	Rosette Cellulose Synthesizing Complexes
Polymorphic	Profundal Zone	Purine	Relative Abundance	Rough ER
Polynucleotide	Progestins	Pyloric Sphincter	Relative Fitness	Round Window
Polyp	Prognathic Jaws	Pyramid of Numbers	Releasing Hormone	r-Selection
Polypeptide	Progymnosperms	Pyramid of Production	Renal Artery	Rubisco
Polyploidy	Prokaryotic	Pyrimidine	Renal Cortex	Ruminants
Polyribosome	Prokaryotic Cell	Pyrogen	Renal Medulla	S Phase
Polysaccharide	Prolactin (PRL)	Q10 Effect	Renal Vein	Sac Fungi
Polysporangiophytes	Proliferative Phase	Quantitative Characters	Renin-Angiotensis-Aldosterone System (RAAS)	Saccule
Pons	Prometaphase	Quaternary Structure	Repeated Reproduction	Salicylic Acid
Population	Promiscuous	Quiescent Center	Repetitive DNA	Salivary Amylase
Population Ecology	Promoter	R Plasmid	Replacement Hypothesis	Salivary Glands
Population Genetics	Prophage	Radial Cleavage	Replication Fork	Salt
Population Viability Analysis (PVA)	Prophase	Radial Symmetry	Repressor	Saltatory Conduction
Positional Information	Prosimians	Radiata	Reproductive Table	Saprobe
Positive Feedback	Prostaglandins (PGs)	Radiation	Residual Volume	Sarcomere
Positive Pressure Breathing	Prostate Gland	Radicle	Resolving Power	Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Posterior	Protacheophyte	Radioactive Isotope	Resource Partitioning	Satelite DNA
Posterior Pituitary	Proteasome	Radiolarian	Respiratory Medium	Saturated Fatty Acid

Scaffolding Protein	Sensory Transduction	Soredia	Stress-Induced Proteins	T-Dependent Antigens
Scanning Electron Microscope	Sepal	Sori	Striated Muscle	Telomerase
Schizocoelous	Septa	Southern Blotting	Stroke	Telomere
Schwann Cells	Sequential Hermaphroditism	Specialized Transduction	Stroke Volume	Telophase
Scion	Serial Endosymbiosis	Speciation	Stroma	Temperate Phages
Sclera	Serotonin	Species	Stromatolite	Temperature
Sclereids	Seta	Species Richness	Structural Formula	Template Strand
Sclerenchyma Cell	Sex Chromosomes	Species Selection	Structural Isomer	Tendon
Scrotum	Sex-Linked Gene	Species-Area Curve	Style	Tension
Scutellum	Sexual Dimorphism	Specific Epithet	Substance P	Terminal bud
Seascape	Sexual Reproduction	Specific Heat	Substrate	Terminator
Second Law of Thermodynamics	Shared Derived Character	Spectrophotometer	Substrate-Feeder	Territory
Second Messanger	Shared Primitive Character	Spermatheca	Substrate-Level Phosphorylation	Tertiary Consumers
Secondary Cell Wall	Shoot System	Spermatogenesis	Sugar Sink	Tertiary Structure
Secondary Consumers	Short-Day Plant	Spermatogonia	Sugar Source	Testcross
Secondary Endosymbiosis	Short-Term Memory	Spermatozoon	Sulfhydryl Group	Testes
Secondary Growth	Sickle-Cell Disease	Sphincter	Summation	Testosterone
Secondary Immune Response	Sieve Plates	Spinal Nerves	Superchiasmatic Nuclei (SCN)	Tetanus
Secondary Oocyte	Sieve-Tube Members	Spiral Cleavage	Supporting Cell	Tetrad
Secondary Plant Body	Sign Stimulus	Spiral Valve	Surface Tension	Tetrapod
Secondary Production	Signal	Spliceosome	Survivorship Curve	Thalamus
Secondary Structure	Signal Peptide	Spongocoel	Suspension-Feeder	Thallus
Secondary Succession	Signal Recognition Particle	Spontaneous Generation	Sustainable Agriculture	Theory
Secretin	Signal-Transduction Pathway	Sporangium	Sustainable Biosphere Initiative	Therapsids
Secretion	Signature Sequences	Spore	Swim Bladder	Thermocline
Secretory Phase	Simple Epithelium	Spore Mother Cells	Symbiosis	Thermodynamics
Sedimentary Rock	Simple Fruit	Sporophylls	Sympathetic Division	Thermoreceptor
Seed	Simple Tandem Repeats	Sporophyte	Sympatric Speciation	Thermoregulation
Seed Coat	Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms	Sporopollenin	Symplast	Theropods
Seed Plants	Single-Lens Eye	Sporozoites	Synapse	Thick Filament
Seedless Vascular Plants	Single-Strand Binding Protein	Squamous	Synapsids	Thigmomorphogenesis
Segmentation Genes	Sinoatrial Node Pacemaker	Stabalizing Selection	Synapsis	Thigmotropism
Segment-Polarity Genes	Sinuses	Stability	Synaptic Cleft	Thin Filament
Selective Channels	Sister Chromatids	Stamen	Synaptic Terminals	Thiol
Selective Permeability	Skeletal Muscle	Standard Metabolic Rate	Synaptic Vessicles	Thoracic Cavity
Selective Reabsorption	Sliding-Filament Model	Standing Crop	Syngamy	Threatened Species
Self-Incompatibility	Slow Block to Polyspermy	Stapes	Systematics	Three-Domain System
Semelparity	Slow Muscle Fibers	Starch	Systemic Acquired Resistance	Threshold Potential
Semen	Small Intestine	Statocyst	Systemic Circulation	Thrombus
Semicircular Canals	Small-Population Approach	Statolith	Systole	Thylakoid
Semiconservative Model	Smooth ER	Stele	Systolic Pressure	Thyroid Gland
Semilunar Valves	Smooth Muscle	Stem Cell	T (Transverse) Tubules	Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Seminal Vesicle	Snowball Earth	Stenohaline	T Cell Receptor	Thyroxine (T4)
Seminiferous Tubules	Social Behavior	Steroids	T Lymphocyte (T Cell)	Ti Plasmid
Sensations	Sociobiology	Sticky End	Taproot	Tidal Volume
Sensitive Period	Sodium-Potassium Pump	Stigma	Target Cell	Tight Junction
Sensory Adaptation	Solute	Stipe	Taste buds	Tissue
Sensory Division	Solution	Stock	TATA Box	Tonoplast
Sensory Input	Solvent	Stomach	Taxis	Top-Down Model
Sensory Neuron	Somatic Cell	Stomata	Taxon	Topsoil
Sensory Reception	Somatic Nervous System	Stramenopila	Taxonomy	Torpor
Sensory Receptor	Somite	Stratified Epithelium	Tay-Sachs Disease	Torsion

Totipotent	Tumor-Suppressor Gene	Vertebrate
Trace Element	Tunicates	Vesicle
Trachea	Turgid	Vessel Elements
Tracheal System	Turgor Pressure	Vestibule
Tracheids	Turnover	Vestigial Organs
Trait	Turnover Time	Villi
Transcription	Tympanic Membrane	Viral Envelopes
Transcription Factor	Type I Diabetes Mellitus	Viroid
Transcription Initiation Complex	Type II Diabetes Mellitus	Virulent Phage
Transcription Unit	Tyrosine Kinase	Visceral Mass
Transduction	Tyrosine-Kinase Receptor	Visible Light
Transfer Cells	Ultracentrifuge	Vital Capacity
Transfer RNA (tRNA)	Undernouishment	Vitamin D
Transformation	Uniform	Vitamins
Transgenic	Uniformitarianism	Vitreous Humor
Transgenic Organisms	Uniramian	Viviparous
Translation	Unisexual Flower	Vocal Cords
Translocation	Unsaturated Fatty Acid	Voltage-Gated Ion Channels
Transmission	Urbilateria	Water Molds
Transmission Electron Microscope	Urea	Water Potential
Transpiration	Ureter	Water Vascular System
Transpiration-to-Photosynthesis Ratio	Urethra	Wavelength
Transport Epithelium	Uric Acid	Wetland
Transport Protein	Urinary Bladder	White Blood Cell
Transport Proteins	Urochordate	White Matter
Transport Vesicle	Uterus	White Rusts
Transposon	Utricle	Wild Type
Triacylglycerol	Vaccination	Wobble
Triiodothyronine (T3)	Vaccine	Xerophytes
Trilobite	Vagina	X-Ray Crystallography
Trimester	Valence	Xylem
Triple Response	Valence Electron	Xylem Vessels
Triplet Code	Valence Shell	Yeast Artificial Chromosomes
Triploblastic	Van Der Waals Interactions	Yeasts
Trisomic	Variation	Yolk
Trochophore	Vas Deferens	Yolk Plug
Trochophore Larva	Vasa Recta	Yolk Sac
Trophic Efficiency	Vascular Bundles	Z Lines
Trophic Level	Vascular Cambium	Zeaxanthin
Trophic Structure	Vascular Plants	Zero Population Growth (ZPG)
Trophoblast	Vascular Tissue	Zona Pellucida
Tropic Hormones	Vasectomy	Zone of Cell Division
Tropics	Vasocongestion	Zone of Elongation
Tropism	Vasoconstriction	Zone of Maturation
Tropomyosin	Vasodilation	Zone of Polarizing Activity (ZPA)
Troponin Complex	Vegetal Pole	Zoned Reserve
True-Breeding	Vegetative Reproduction	Zygosporangium