Glossary of biology terms meaning and definition

 

 

Glossary of biology terms meaning and definition

 

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Glossary of biology terms meaning and definition

 

abiotic factor

abiotic_factor_meaning_and_definition.html

activation energy

activation_energy_meaning_and_definition.html

active transport

active_transport_meaning_and_definition.html

adhesion

adhesion_meaning_and_definition.html

aerobic respiration

aerobic_respiration_meaning_and_definition.html

alcoholic fermentation

alcoholic_fermentation_meaning_and_definition.html

alleles

alleles_meaning_and_definition.html

alternation of generation

alternation_of_generation_meaning_and_definition.html

amino acid

amino_acid_meaning_and_definition.html

anaerobic respiration

anaerobic_respiration_meaning_and_definition.html

anaphase

anaphase_meaning_and_definition.html

antibiotic resistance

antibiotic_resistance_meaning_and_definition.html

applied science

applied_science_meaning_and_definition.html

artificial selection

artificial_selection_meaning_and_definition.html

asexual reproduction

asexual_reproduction_meaning_and_definition.html

autotroph

autotroph_meaning_and_definition.html

bacteria

bacteria_meaning_and_definition.html

base pair (bp)

base_pair_bp_meaning_and_definition.html

biodiversity

biodiversity_meaning_and_definition.html

biological evolution

biological_evolution_meaning_and_definition.html

biome

biome_meaning_and_definition.html

biosphere

biosphere_meaning_and_definition.html

biotic factor

biotic_factor_meaning_and_definition.html

carbohydrates

carbohydrates_meaning_and_definition.html

cell cycle

cell_cycle_meaning_and_definition.html

cellular respiration

cellular_respiration_meaning_and_definition.html

cell theory

cell_theory_meaning_and_definition.html

centromere

centromere_meaning_and_definition.html

chloroplasts

chloroplasts_meaning_and_definition.html

chromatid

chromatid_meaning_and_definition.html

chromosome

chromosome_meaning_and_definition.html

chromosome theory of heredity

chromosome_theory_of_heredity_meaning_and_definition.html

citric acid cycle (kreb’s)

citric_acid_cycle_kreb_s_meaning_and_definition.html

cladogram

cladogram_meaning_and_definition.html

codominance

codominance_meaning_and_definition.html

cohesion

cohesion_meaning_and_definition.html

commensalism

commensalism_meaning_and_definition.html

community

community_meaning_and_definition.html

cytokinesis

cytokinesis_meaning_and_definition.html

cytoskeleton

cytoskeleton_meaning_and_definition.html

deletion

deletion_meaning_and_definition.html

dichotomous key (classification key)

dichotomous_key_classification_key_meaning_and_definition.html

diffusion

diffusion_meaning_and_definition.html

dna (deoxyribonucleic acid)

dna_deoxyribonucleic_acid_meaning_and_definition.html

domain

domain_meaning_and_definition.html

dominance

dominance_meaning_and_definition.html

double helix

double_helix_meaning_and_definition.html

ecology

ecology_meaning_and_definition.html

ecosystem

ecosystem_meaning_and_definition.html

electron transport chain

electron_transport_chain_meaning_and_definition.html

endergonic reaction

endergonic_reaction_meaning_and_definition.html

endocytosis

endocytosis_meaning_and_definition.html

energetics

energetics_meaning_and_definition.html

energy pyramid

energy_pyramid_meaning_and_definition.html

enzymes

enzymes_meaning_and_definition.html

epidemic

epidemic_meaning_and_definition.html

eukaryote

eukaryote_meaning_and_definition.html

evolution

evolution_meaning_and_definition.html

exergonic reaction

exergonic_reaction_meaning_and_definition.html

exocytosis

exocytosis_meaning_and_definition.html

frameshift mutation

frameshift_mutation_meaning_and_definition.html

fungi

fungi_meaning_and_definition.html

gamete

gamete_meaning_and_definition.html

gene

gene_meaning_and_definition.html

genome

genome_meaning_and_definition.html

genotype

genotype_meaning_and_definition.html

genus

genus_meaning_and_definition.html

germ theory of disease (koch’s postulates)

germ_theory_of_disease_koch_s_postulates_meaning_and_definition.html

glycolysis

glycolysis_meaning_and_definition.html

heterotroph

heterotroph_meaning_and_definition.html

homeostasis

homeostasis_meaning_and_definition.html

host

host_meaning_and_definition.html

human genome project

human_genome_project_meaning_and_definition.html

hydrogen bond

hydrogen_bond_meaning_and_definition.html

hypotheses

hypotheses_meaning_and_definition.html

incomplete dominance

incomplete_dominance_meaning_and_definition.html

independent assortment

independent_assortment_meaning_and_definition.html

interphase

interphase_meaning_and_definition.html

inversion

inversion_meaning_and_definition.html

k-strategist

k_strategist_meaning_and_definition.html

karyotype

karyotype_meaning_and_definition.html

law

law_meaning_and_definition.html

lactic acid fermentation

lactic_acid_fermentation_meaning_and_definition.html

light dependent

light_dependent_meaning_and_definition.html

light independent

light_independent_meaning_and_definition.html

lipid

lipid_meaning_and_definition.html

lysogenic cycle

lysogenic_cycle_meaning_and_definition.html

lytic cycle

lytic_cycle_meaning_and_definition.html

mass extinction

mass_extinction_meaning_and_definition.html

meiosis

meiosis_meaning_and_definition.html

metaphase

metaphase_meaning_and_definition.html

microbe

microbe_meaning_and_definition.html

mitochondria

mitochondria_meaning_and_definition.html

mitosis

mitosis_meaning_and_definition.html

molecular biology

molecular_biology_meaning_and_definition.html

molecular genetics

molecular_genetics_meaning_and_definition.html

multiple alleles

multiple_alleles_meaning_and_definition.html

mutation

mutation_meaning_and_definition.html

mutualism

mutualism_meaning_and_definition.html

natural selection

natural_selection_meaning_and_definition.html

nitrogenous bases

nitrogenous_bases_meaning_and_definition.html

nonvascular plant

nonvascular_plant_meaning_and_definition.html

nucleic acids

nucleic_acids_meaning_and_definition.html

nucleotide

nucleotide_meaning_and_definition.html

nucleus

nucleus_meaning_and_definition.html

organelle

organelle_meaning_and_definition.html

osmosis

osmosis_meaning_and_definition.html

parasitism

parasitism_meaning_and_definition.html

passive transport

passive_transport_meaning_and_definition.html

pandemic

pandemic_meaning_and_definition.html

pathogen

pathogen_meaning_and_definition.html

pesticide

pesticide_meaning_and_definition.html

ph

ph_meaning_and_definition.html

pinocytosis

pinocytosis_meaning_and_definition.html

phagocytosis

phagocytosis_meaning_and_definition.html

phenotype

phenotype_meaning_and_definition.html

phospholipids

phospholipids_meaning_and_definition.html

photosynthesis

photosynthesis_meaning_and_definition.html

plasma (cell) membrane

plasma_cell_membrane_meaning_and_definition.html

point mutation

point_mutation_meaning_and_definition.html

polarity

polarity_meaning_and_definition.html

population

population_meaning_and_definition.html

primary succession

primary_succession_meaning_and_definition.html

prokaryote

prokaryote_meaning_and_definition.html

prophase

prophase_meaning_and_definition.html

protein

protein_meaning_and_definition.html

protein synthesis

protein_synthesis_meaning_and_definition.html

pure science

pure_science_meaning_and_definition.html

punnett square

punnett_square_meaning_and_definition.html

radioactive dating

radioactive_dating_meaning_and_definition.html

recessive gene

recessive_gene_meaning_and_definition.html

relative dating

relative_dating_meaning_and_definition.html

ribosome

ribosome_meaning_and_definition.html

rna (ribonucleic acid)

rna_ribonucleic_acid_meaning_and_definition.html

secondary succession

secondary_succession_meaning_and_definition.html

segregation

segregation_meaning_and_definition.html

species

species_meaning_and_definition.html

spore

spore_meaning_and_definition.html

symbiosis

symbiosis_meaning_and_definition.html

taxonomic nomenclature

taxonomic_nomenclature_meaning_and_definition.html

technology

technology_meaning_and_definition.html

telophase

telophase_meaning_and_definition.html

theory

theory_meaning_and_definition.html

thermoregulation

thermoregulation_meaning_and_definition.html

translation

translation_meaning_and_definition.html

transcription

transcription_meaning_and_definition.html

vaccine

vaccine_meaning_and_definition.html

variation

variation_meaning_and_definition.html

vascular plants

vascular_plants_meaning_and_definition.html

virus

virus_meaning_and_definition.html

 

Glossary of biology meaning and definition of the following terms :

  • a band
  • a site
  • abdominal cavity
  • abiotic components (a'-bi-ot'-ik)
  • abo blood groups
  • abscisic acid (aba) (ab-sis'-ik)
  • absorption
  • absorption spectrum
  • abyssal zone (uh-bis'-ul)
  • acanthodians (ak'-an-tho'-de-un)
  • acclimatization (uh-kll'-muh-ti-za'-shun)
  • accommodation
  • acetyl coa (acetyl coenzyme a)
  • acetylcholine (as'-uh-til-ko'-len)
  • acid chyme (kim)
  • acid
  • acid precipitation
  • acoelomate (uh-se'-lo-mat)
  • acrosomal reaction
  • acrosome (ak'-ruh-som)
  • actin (ak'-tin)
  • actinistia (ak'-tuh-ne'-ste-uh)
  • actinopterygii (ak'-tuh-nop'-tuh-rij'-e-i)
  • action potential
  • action spectrum
  • activation energy
  • activator
  • active immunity
  • active site
  • active transport
  • adaptive peak
  • adaptive radiation
  • adenohypophysis (ad'-uh-no-hi-pof-uh-sis)
  • adenylyl cyclase (ad'-en-uh-lil)
  • adhesion
  • adrenal gland (uh-dre'-nul)
  • adrenal medulla (uh-dre'-nul muh-dul'-uh)
  • adrenocorticotropic hormone
  • adventitious
  • aerobic (ar-o'-bik)
  • afferent arteriol (af'-er-ent)
  • afrotheria
  • age structure
  • agglutination
  • aggregate fruit
  • agnathan (ag-na'-thun)
  • agonistic behavior (a'-go-nis'-tik)
  • aids (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)
  • alcohol fermentation
  • alcohols
  • aldehyde (al'-duh-hid)
  • aldosterone (al-dos'-tuh-ron)
  • alga (plural, algae) (al'-guh, al'-je)
  • alimentary canal (al'-uh-men'-tuh-re)
  • all-or-none event
  • allantois (al'-an-to'-sis)
  • alleles (uh-le'-uiz)
  • allometric growth (al'-o-met'-rik)
  • allopatric speciation (al'-o-pat'-rik)
  • allopolyploid (al'-o-pol'-e-ployd)
  • allosteric site
  • alpha (a) helix (al'-fuh he'-liks)
  • alternation of generations
  • alternative rna splicing
  • altruism (al'-tru-iz-um)
  • altruistic behavior (al'-tru-is'-tik)
  • alveolata
  • alveolus (al-ve'-uh-lus) (plural, alveoli)
  • amacrine cell (am'-uh-krin)
  • amine (uh-men')
  • amino acid (uh-men'-o)
  • amino group
  • aminoacyl-trna synthetase
  • aminopeptidase
  • ammonia
  • ammonites
  • amniocentesis (am'-ne-o-sen-te'-sis)
  • amnion (am'-ne-on)
  • amniote
  • amniotic egg (am'-ne-ot'-ik)
  • amoeba (uh-me'-buh)
  • amoebocyte (uh-me'-buh-sit)
  • amphibia (am-fib'-e-uh)
  • amphipathic molecule (am'-fe-path'-ik)
  • amplification
  • anabolic pathway (an'-uh-bol'-ik)
  • anaerobic (an'-ar-o'-bik)
  • anaerobic respiration
  • anagenesis (an'-uh-jen'-uh-sis)
  • analogy
  • anaphase
  • anaphylactic shock (an'-uh-fi-lak-tic)
  • anapsids
  • anatomically modern humans
  • anatomy
  • anchorage dependence
  • androgens (an'-dro-jenz)
  • aneuploidy (an'-yu-ploy-de)
  • angiosperm (an'-je-o-sperm)
  • anhydrobiosis (an'-hi'-dro-bi-o'-sis)
  • animal pole
  • anion (an'-i-on)
  • annual
  • antennae
  • anterior
  • anterior pituitary
  • anther (an'-ther)
  • antheridium (an'-thuh-rid'-e-um) (plural, antheridia)
  • anthocerophyta
  • anthophyta (an-thof'-uh-duh)
  • anthropoid (an'-thruh-poyd)
  • antibiotic
  • antibody
  • anticodon (an'-ti-ko'-don)
  • antidiuretic hormone
  • antigen (an'-tuh-jen)
  • antigen presentation
  • antigen-presenting cell (apcs)
  • antigen receptor
  • anura (uh-nu'-ra)
  • anurans
  • aphotic zone (a'-fo'-tik)
  • apical dominance (a'-pik-ul)
  • apical ectodermal ridge
  • apical meristem (a'-pik-ul mar'-uh-stem)
  • apicomplexan (ap'-e-kom-pleks'-un)
  • apoda (ap'-uh-duh)
  • apodans
  • apomixis (ap'-uh-mik'-sis)
  • apomorphic character (ap'-o-mor'-fik)
  • apoplast (ap'-o-plast)
  • apoptosis
  • aposematic coloration (ap'-o-so-mat'-ik)
  • appendix
  • aquaporin
  • aqueous humor (a'-kwe-us hyu'-mer)
  • aqueous solution (a'-kwe-us)
  • arachida
  • archaea (ar'-ke-uh)
  • archaezoa
  • archegonium (ar-ki-go'-ne-um) (plural, archegonia)
  • archenteron (ar-ken'-tuh-ron)
  • archosaurs
  • arteriole (ar-tar'-e-ol)
  • arteriosclerosis
  • artery
  • arthropod
  • arthropoda (ar-throp'-uh-duh)
  • artificial selection
  • ascocarps
  • ascus (plural, asci)
  • asexual reproduction
  • aspartate
  • associative learning
  • assortative mating
  • astrocytes
  • asymmetric carbon
  • asymmetric cell division
  • atherosclerosis
  • atom
  • atomic nucleus
  • atomic number
  • atomic weight
  • atp (adenosine triphosphate) (a-den'-o-sen tri-fos'-fat)
  • atp synthase
  • atrial natriuretic factor (a'-tre-al na'-tre-u-ret'-ik)
  • atrioventricular (av) node
  • atrioventricular valve
  • atrium (a'-tre-um) (plural, atria)
  • autogenesis model
  • autoimmune disease
  • autonomic nervous system (ot'-o-nom'-ik)
  • autopolyploid (ot'-o-pol'-e-ploid)
  • autosome (ot'-o-som)
  • autotroph (ot'-o-trof)
  • auxins (ok'-sinz)
  • auxotroph (ok'-so-trof)
  • aves (a'-vez)
  • axillary bud (ak'-sil-ar-e)
  • axon (ak'-son)
  • b lymphocyte (b cell)
  • bacteria
  • bacterial artificial chromosome (bac)
  • bacteriophage (bak-ter'-e-o-faj)
  • bacteriorhodopsin
  • bacterium (plural, bacteria)
  • bacteroids
  • baculum (bak'-u-lum)
  • balanced polymorphism
  • bark
  • barr body
  • barrier methods
  • bartholin's glands (bar'-to-linz)
  • basal body (ba'-sul)
  • basal metabolic rate (bmr)
  • basal nuclei
  • base
  • base-pair substitution
  • basement membrane
  • basidiocarps
  • basidium (plural, basidia)
  • basophil
  • batesian mimicry (bat'-ze-un mim'-uh-kre)
  • behavior
  • behavioral ecology
  • benign tumor
  • benthic zone
  • benthos (ben'-thoz)
  • beta (?) pleated sheet
  • beta cell
  • beta oxidation
  • biennial (bi-en'-e-ul)
  • big-bang reproduction
  • bilateral symmetry
  • bilateria (bl'-luh-ter'-e-uh)
  • bile
  • binary fission
  • binomial
  • biodiversity crisis
  • biodiversity hot spot
  • bioenergetics
  • biogenesis
  • biogenic amines
  • biogeochemical cycles
  • biogeography
  • biological clock
  • biological magnification
  • biological species concept
  • biomass
  • biome (bi'-om)
  • bioremediation
  • biosphere (bi'-o-sfer)
  • biotechnology
  • biotic (bl-ot'-tik)
  • biotic components
  • bipolar cell
  • birth control pills
  • bisexual flower
  • blade
  • blastocoel (blas'-tuh-sel)
  • blastocyst
  • blastodisc
  • blastomeres
  • blastopore (blas'-to-por)
  • blastula (blas'-tyu-luh)
  • blood-brain barrier
  • blood
  • blood pressure
  • blood vessel
  • body cavity
  • bolus
  • bond energy
  • bone
  • book lungs
  • bottleneck effect
  • bottom-up model
  • bowman's capsule (bo'-munz)
  • brachiopod
  • brainhormone
  • brainstem
  • breathing control center
  • bronchioles
  • bronchus (bron'-kus) (plural, bronchi)
  • brown algae
  • brown fat
  • bryophyta
  • bryophyte (bri'-uh-fit)
  • bryozoan
  • budding
  • budgets
  • buffer
  • bulbourethral gland (bul'-bo-yu-re'-thrul)
  • bulk-feeder
  • bulk flow
  • bundle-sheath cell
  • cadherins
  • calcitonin (kal'-si-to'-nin)
  • callus
  • calmodulin (kal-mod'-yu-lin)
  • calorie (cal)
  • calvin cycle
  • cam plant
  • cambrian explosion
  • camp receptor protein (crp)
  • canopy
  • capillary bed
  • capillary (kap'-il-ar-e)
  • capsid
  • capsule
  • carbohydrate (kar'-bo-hi'-drat)
  • carbon fixation
  • carbonyl group (kar'-buh-nef)
  • carboxyl group (kar-bok'-sil)
  • carboxylic acid (kar'-bok-sil'-ik)
  • carboxypeptidase
  • carcinogen
  • cardiac cycle (kar'-de-ak)
  • cardiac muscle
  • cardiac output
  • cardiovascular disease (kar'-de-o-vas'-kyu-ler)
  • cardiovascular system
  • carnites
  • carnivore
  • carotenoid (kuh-rot'-uh-noyd)
  • carpel (kar'-pul)
  • carrier
  • carrying capacity
  • cartilage (kar'-til-ij)
  • casparian strip (kas-par'-e-un)
  • catabolic pathway (kat'-uh-bol'-ik)
  • catabolite activator protein (cap) (kuh-tab'-uh-lit)
  • catalyst
  • catastrophism
  • catecholamines
  • cation exchange
  • cation (kat'-i-on)
  • cd4
  • cdna library
  • cds
  • cecum (se'-kum) (plural, ceca)
  • cell adhesion molecules
  • cell body
  • cell center
  • cell cycle control system
  • cell cycle
  • cell division
  • cell fractionation
  • cell lineage
  • cell-mediated immunity
  • cell plate
  • cell wall
  • cellular differentiation
  • cellular respiration
  • cellular slime mold
  • cellulose (sel'-yu-los)
  • celsius scale (sel'-se-us)
  • central canal
  • central nervous system (cns)
  • central vacuole
  • centriole (sen'-tre-ol)
  • centromere (sen'-tro-mer)
  • centrosome (sen'-tro-som)
  • cephalization (sef'-uh-luh-za'-shun)
  • cephalochordate (sef'-uh-lo-kor'-dat)
  • cerebellum (sar'-ruh-bel'-um)
  • cerebral cortex (suh-re'-brul)
  • cerebral hemisphere
  • cerebrospinal fluid (suh-re'-bro-spl'-nul)
  • cerebrum (suh-re'-brum)
  • cervix (ser'-viks)
  • chaparral (shap'-uh-ral')
  • chaperonin
  • character
  • charophyceans (kar'-uh-fl'-se-unz)
  • checkpoint
  • chelicerae (kuh-lis'-uh-re)
  • chelicerata (kuh-lis'-uh-rot'-uh)
  • chelicerates
  • chemical bond
  • chemical energy
  • chemical equilibrium
  • chemical reaction
  • chemically-gated ion channels
  • chemiosmosis (kem'-e-oz-mo'-sis)
  • chemoautotroph (ke'-mo-ot'-o-trof)
  • chemoheterotroph (ke'-mo-het'-er-o-trof)
  • chemokine
  • chemoreceptor
  • chiasma (plural, chiasmata) (ki-az'-muh, ki-az'-muh-tuh)
  • chilopoda (ki-lop'-uh-duh)
  • chitin (ki-tin)
  • chlorophyll a
  • chlorophyll b
  • chlorophyll (klor'-o-fil)
  • chloroplast (klor'-o-plast)
  • choanocyte (ko-an'-uh-sit)
  • cholecystokinin (cck) (ko'-luh-sis'-tuh-kt-nin)
  • cholesterol (ko-les'-tuh-rol)
  • chondrichthyes (kon-drik'-thez)
  • chondrin
  • chondrocytes
  • chordate (kor'-dat)
  • chorion (kor'-e-on)
  • chorionic villus sampling (cvs) (kor'-e-on'-ik vif-us)
  • choroid
  • chromatin (kro'-muh-tin)
  • chromista
  • chromosome (kro'-muh-som)
  • chromosome theory of inheritance
  • chromosome walking
  • chylomicron (ki'-lo-mi'-kron)
  • chymotrypsin (ki'-muh-trip'-sin)
  • chytrid (ki'-trid)
  • ciliary body
  • ciliate (sil'-e-it)
  • cilium (sil'-e-um) (plural, cilia)
  • circadian rhythm (ser-ka'-de-un)
  • clade
  • cladistics (kluh-dis'-tiks)
  • cladogenesis (kla'-do-jen'-uh-sis)
  • cladogram
  • class arachnida
  • class chilopoda
  • class diplopoda
  • class i mhc molecules
  • class
  • conduction
  • cone cell
  • conformer
  • conidium (plural, conidia)
  • conifer
  • coniferophyta (kuh-nif'-er-uh-fi'-tuh)
  • conjugation (kon'-ju-ga-shun)
  • conjunctiva (kon'-junk-ti'-vuh)
  • connective tissue
  • conodonts (ko'-nuh-donts)
  • conservation biology
  • contraception
  • contractile vacuole
  • control elements
  • convection
  • convergent evolution
  • convergent extension
  • cooperativity
  • copepods (ko'-puh-podz)
  • coral reefs
  • cork cambium (kam'-be-um)
  • cornea (kor'-ne-uh)
  • corpus callosum (kor'-pus kuh-lo-sum)
  • corpus luteum (kor'-pus lu'-te-um)
  • cortex
  • cortical granules
  • cortical nephrons
  • cortical reaction
  • corticosteroids
  • cotransport
  • cotyledons (kot'-uh-le'-donz)
  • countercurrent exchange
  • countercurrent heat exchanger
  • courtship
  • covalent bond (ko-va'-lent)
  • cranial nerves
  • craniata
  • crassulacean acid metabolism (cam)
  • crista (plural, cristae) (kris'-tuh, kris'-te)
  • crocodilia
  • cross-pollination
  • crossing over
  • crustacea (kruh-sta-shuh)
  • crustacean
  • cuboidal
  • cuticle (kyu'-tuh-kul)
  • cycadophyta (si'-kuh-dof'-uh-duh)
  • cyclic amp (camp)
  • cyclic electron flow
  • cyclic photophosphorylation
  • cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk)
  • cyclin (si'-klin)
  • cystic fibrosis
  • cytochrome (si'-to-krom)
  • cytokines
  • cytokinesis (si'-to-kuh-ne'-sis)
  • cytoldnins (si'-to-kt-nins)
  • cytological maps
  • cytoplasm (sf-to-plaz'-um)
  • cytoplasmic determinants
  • cytoplasmic streaming
  • cytoskeleton
  • cytosol (si'-to-sol)
  • cytotoxic t cell (tc)
  • daily torpor
  • dalton
  • darwinian fitness
  • day-neutral plant
  • decapod
  • decomposers
  • deep green
  • deep-sea hydrothermal vents
  • dehydration reaction
  • deletion
  • demographic transition
  • demography
  • denaturation (de-na'-chur-a'-shun)
  • dendrite (den'-drit)
  • density-dependent factor
  • density-dependent inhibition
  • density dependent
  • density-independent factor
  • density
  • deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) (de-ok'-se-ri'-bo-nu-kla'-ik)
  • deoxyribose
  • depolarization
  • depolarized
  • deposit-feeder
  • dermal tissue system
  • descent with modification
  • desmosome (dez'-muh-som)
  • determinate cleavage
  • determinate growth
  • determination
  • detritivore
  • detritus (di-tri'-tus)
  • deuterostomes (du-ter-6-stomz)
  • development
  • diacylglycerol (dag)
  • diaphragm
  • diapsids
  • diastole (di-as'-to-le)
  • diastolic pressure
  • diatom (di'-uh-tom)
  • dicot (di'-kot)
  • differentiation
  • diffusion
  • digestion
  • dihybrid (di'-hi'-brid)
  • dikaryon (di-kar'-e-on)
  • dikaryotic
  • dinoflagellate (di'-no-flaj'-uh-let)
  • dinosaurs
  • dioecious (di-e'-shus)
  • dipeptidase
  • diploblastic
  • diploid cell (dip'-loid)
  • diplopoda (duh-plop'-uh-duh)
  • dipnoi
  • directional selection
  • disaccharide (di-sak'-uh-rid)
  • dispersal
  • dispersion
  • dissociation curve
  • distal tubule
  • disturbance
  • disulfide bridge
  • diversifying selection
  • dna-binding domain
  • dna fingerprint
  • dna ligase (li'-gas)
  • dna methylation
  • dna microarray assays
  • dna polymerase (puh-lim'-er-as)
  • dna probe
  • domain
  • dominance hierarchy
  • dominant allele
  • dominant species
  • dopamine
  • dormancy
  • dorsal lip
  • dorsal
  • double circulation
  • double covalent bond
  • double fertilization
  • double helix
  • down syndrome
  • downy mildews
  • duchenne muscular dystrophy (duh-shen')
  • duodenum (du-o-de'-num)
  • duplication
  • dynein (di'-nin)
  • e site
  • ecdysone (ek'-duh-son)
  • ecdysozoa
  • echinoderms (uh-ki'-no-derm)
  • ecological efficiency
  • ecological footprint
  • ecological niche (nich)
  • ecological species concept
  • ecological succession
  • ecology
  • ecosystem ecology
  • ecosystem
  • ectoderm (ek'-to-derm)
  • ectomycorrhizae (ek'-to-mi'-ko-ri'-ze)
  • ectoparasites
  • ectotherm (ek'-to-therm)
  • ectothermic
  • ediacaran period
  • effector cell
  • efferent arteriole
  • egg-polarity genes
  • ejaculatory duct
  • elastic fibers
  • electrocardiogram (ecg or ekg)
  • electrochemical gradient
  • electroencephalogram (eeg)
  • electrogenic pump
  • electromagnetic receptor
  • electromagnetic spectrum
  • electron
  • electron microscope (em)
  • electron shell
  • electron transport chain
  • electronegativity
  • electroporation
  • element
  • elimination
  • embryo
  • embryo sac (em'-bre-o)
  • embryonic lethals
  • embryophyte
  • emulsification
  • enantiomers (en-an'-te-o-mer)
  • endangered species
  • endemic species (en-dem'-ik)
  • endergonic reaction (en'-der-gon'-ik)
  • endocrine gland (en'-do-krin)
  • endocrine system
  • endocytosis (en'-do-si-to'-sis)
  • endoderm (en'-do-derm)
  • endodermis
  • endomembrane system
  • endometrium (en'-do-me'-tre-um)
  • endomycorrhizae (en'-do-mi'-ko-ri'-ze)
  • endoparasites
  • endoplasmic reticulum (er) (en'-do-plaz'-mik ruh-tik'-yu-lum)
  • endorphin (en-dor'-fin)
  • endoskeleton
  • endosperm
  • endospore
  • endosymbiotic theory (en'-do-sim'-bi-ot'-ik)
  • endothelium (en'-do-the'-le-um)
  • endotherm
  • endothermic
  • endotoxin
  • energetic hypothesis
  • energy coupling
  • energy level
  • energy
  • enhancer
  • enterogastrones
  • enteropeptidase
  • entomology
  • entropy (en'-truh-pe)
  • environmental grain
  • enzyme (en'-zim)
  • epicotyl (ep'-uh-cot'-ul)
  • epidermis
  • epididymis (ep'-uh-did'-uh-mus)
  • epigenesis (ep'-uh-jen'-uh-sis)
  • epiglottis
  • epinephrine
  • epiphyte (ep'-uh-fit)
  • episome (ep'-uh-som)
  • epistasis
  • epithalamus
  • epithelial tissue (ep'-uh-the'-le-ul)
  • epitope
  • erythrocyte (eh-rith'-ro-sit)
  • erythropoietin (eh-rith'-ro-poy'-uh-tin)
  • esophagus (eh-sof'-uh-gus)
  • essential amino acids
  • essential fatty acids
  • essential nutrient
  • estivation (es'-tuh-va'-shun)
  • estrogens (es'-tro-jenz)
  • estrous cycle (es'-trus)
  • estrus
  • estuary
  • ethology
  • ethylene (eth'-uh-len)
  • euchromatin (u-kro'-muh-tin)
  • eudicots (u'-di-kots)
  • euglenoid
  • eukaryotic cell (u'-kar-e-ot'-ik)
  • eumetazoa (u'-met-uh-zo'-uh)
  • euryhaline
  • eurypterids
  • eustachian tube
  • eutherian mammals (u-ther'-e-um)
  • eutrophic
  • evaporation
  • evaporative cooling
  • evolution
  • evolutionary species concept
  • exaptation (ek'-sap-ta'-shun)
  • excitable cells
  • excitatory postsynaptic potential (epsp)
  • excretion
  • exergonic reaction (ek'-ser-gon'-ik)
  • exocytosis (ek'-so-si-to'-sis)
  • exoenzymes
  • exon
  • exoskeleton
  • exotoxin (ek'-so-tok'-sin)
  • exponential population growth
  • expression vector
  • external fertilization
  • exteroreceptor
  • extracellular digestion
  • extracellular matrix (ecm)
  • extraembryonic membranes
  • extreme halophile
  • extreme thermophiles
  • extremeophile
  • f factor
  • f plasmid
  • facilitate
  • facilitated diffusion
  • facultative anaerobe (fak'-ul-ta'-tiv an'-uh-rob)
  • family
  • fast block to polyspermy
  • fast muscle fibers
  • fat (triacylglycerol) (tri-as'-ul-glis'-uh-rol)
  • fate maps
  • fatty acid
  • feces
  • feedback inhibition
  • fermentation
  • fertilization envelope
  • fertilization
  • fetus (fe'-tus)
  • fi generation
  • fiber
  • fibrin (fi'-brin)
  • fibrinogen
  • fibroblast (fi'-bro-blast)
  • fibronectin
  • fibrous connective tissue
  • fibrous root systems
  • filament
  • filtrate
  • first law of thermodynamics
  • fixed action pattern (fap)
  • flaccid (flas'-id)
  • flagellum (fluh-jel'-um) (plural, flagella)
  • flower
  • fluid-feeder
  • fluid mosaic model
  • follicle (fol'-uh-kul)
  • follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh)
  • follicular phase
  • food chain
  • food vacuole
  • food web
  • foot
  • foraging
  • foram
  • forebrain
  • fossil
  • fossil record
  • founder effect
  • fovea (fo'-ve-uh)
  • fragile x syndrome
  • fragmentation
  • frameshift mutation
  • free energy
  • free energy of activation
  • frequency-dependent selection
  • fruit
  • functional group
  • fungi (fun'-je)
  • fusiform initials
  • fz generation
  • g-protein linked receptor
  • g protein
  • gallbladder
  • gametangium (gam'-uh-tan'-je-um) (plural, gametangia)
  • gamete (gam'-et)
  • gametophore
  • gametophyte (guh-me'-to-fit)
  • gamma aminobutyric acid (gaba)
  • ganglion (gang'-gle-un) (plural, ganglia)
  • gap genes
  • gap junction
  • gas exchange
  • gastric juice
  • gastrin
  • gastrovascular cavity
  • gastrula (gas'-tru-luh)
  • gastrulation (gas'-tru-la'-shun)
  • gated channel
  • gated ion channel
  • gel electrophoresis (e-lek'-tro-for-e'-sis)
  • gene amplification
  • gene cloning
  • gene flow
  • gene
  • gene pool
  • gene therapy
  • generalized transduction
  • genetic drift
  • genetic engineering
  • genetic map
  • genetic recombination
  • genetically modified (gm) organism
  • genetics
  • genome (je'-nom)
  • genomic imprinting
  • genomic library (juh-no'-mik)
  • genomics
  • genotype (je'-no-tip)
  • genus (je'-nus) (plural, genera)
  • geographic range
  • geographic variation
  • geologic time scale
  • geometric isomers
  • geometric population growth
  • germ layers
  • gestation (jes-ta'-shun)
  • gi phase
  • gibberellins (jib'-uh-rel'-inz)
  • gill circulation
  • gill
  • ginkgophyta
  • glandular epithelia
  • glans penis
  • glia
  • glial cell (gle-ul)
  • glomerulus (glo-mar'-u-lus)
  • glucagon (glu'-kuh-gon)
  • glucocorticoid
  • glutamate
  • glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (g3p) (glis'-er-al'-de-hid)
  • glycine (gli'-sen)
  • glycocalyx (gli'-ko-ka'-liks)
  • glycogen (gi'-ko-jen)
  • glycolysis (gh-kol'-uh-sis)
  • glycoprotein
  • glycosidic linkage
  • gnathostomes (na'-thuh-stom)
  • gnetophyta
  • go phase
  • golden algae
  • golgi apparatus (gol'-je)
  • gonadotropins (gon'-uh-do-tro'-pinz)
  • gonads (go'-nadz)
  • graded potential
  • gradualism
  • graft versus host reaction
  • gram-negative
  • gram-positive
  • gram stain
  • granum (gran'-um) (plural, grana)
  • gravitropism (grav'-uh-tro'-pizm)
  • gray crescent
  • gray matter
  • green algae
  • greenhouse effect
  • gross primary production (gpp)
  • ground meristem
  • ground tissue
  • growth factor
  • growth hormone
  • guard cell
  • gustatory receptors
  • guttation
  • gymnosperm (jim'-no-sperm)
  • gz phase
  • habituation
  • hair cell
  • half-life
  • hamilton's rule
  • haploid cell (hap'-loyd)
  • hardy-weinberg equilibrium
  • hardy-weinberg formula
  • hardy-weinberg theorem
  • haustorium (plural, haustoria)
  • haversian system (ha-ver'-shun)
  • heart
  • heart rate
  • heat
  • heat of vaporization
  • heat-shock protein
  • heavy chains
  • helicase
  • heliozoan
  • helper t cell (tn)
  • hemocyanin (he'-muh-si'-uh-nin)
  • hemoglobin (he'-mo-glo-bin)
  • hemolymph
  • hemophilia
  • hepatic portal vessel
  • hepatophyta
  • herbivore
  • herbivory
  • heredity
  • hermaphrodite (her-maf'-ro-dit)
  • hermaphroditism (her-maf-ro-di-tizm)
  • heterochromatin (het'-er-o-kro'-muh-tin)
  • heterochrony (hef-uh-rok'-ruh-ne)
  • heterocyst (het'-er-o-sist)
  • heterogeneity
  • heterokaryon
  • heteromorphic (het'-er-o-mor'-fik)
  • heterosporous (het'-er-os'-por-us)
  • heterotroph (het'-er-o-trof)
  • heterozygote advantage
  • heterozygous (het'-er-o-zi'-gus)
  • hibernation
  • high-density lipoprotein (hdl)
  • hindbrain
  • histamine (his'-tuh-men)
  • histone acetylation
  • histone (his'-ton)
  • hiv (human immunodeficiency virus)
  • holdfast
  • holoblastic cleavage (ho'-lo-blas'-tik)
  • homeobox (ho'-me-o-boks')
  • homeosis (ho'-me-o'-sis)
  • homeostasis (ho'-me-o-sta'-sis)
  • homeotic gene (ho'-me-ot'-ik)
  • hominid (hah'-mi-nid)
  • hominid
  • hominoid
  • homologous chromosomes (ho-mol'-uh-gus)
  • homologous structures
  • homology (ho-mol'-uh-je)
  • homosporous (ho-mos'-por-us)
  • homozygous (ho'-mo-zi'-gus)
  • horizontal cell
  • hormone
  • hornworts
  • host
  • host range
  • human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) (kor'-e-on'-ik gon'-uh-do-tro'-pin)
  • human genome project
  • humoral immunity (hyu'-mer-al)
  • humus (hyu'-mus)
  • huntington's disease
  • hybrid zone
  • hybridization
  • hydration shell
  • hydrocarbon
  • hydrogen bond
  • hydrogen ion
  • hydrolysis (hi-drol'-uh-sis)
  • hydrophilic (hi'-dro-fil'-ik)
  • hydrophobic (hi'-dro-fo'-bik)
  • hydrophobic interaction
  • hydrostatic skeleton (hi'-dro-stat'-ik)
  • hydroxide ion
  • hydroxyl group (hi'-drok'-sil)
  • hymen
  • hyperpolarization
  • hypertonic
  • hypha (plural, hyphae) (hi'-fuh, hi'-fe)
  • hypocotyl (hi'-puh-cot'-ul)
  • hypothalamus (hi'-po-thal'-uh-mus)
  • hypotonic solution
  • i band
  • ileum
  • imaginal disk (ih-maj'-in-ul)
  • immune adherence
  • immunization
  • immunoglobulin (ig) (im'-u-no-glob'-u-lin)
  • imperfect fungi
  • imprinting
  • in vitro fertilization (ve'-tro)
  • in vitro mutagenesis
  • inclusive fitness
  • incomplete dominance
  • incomplete flower
  • incomplete metamorphosis
  • indeterminate cleavage
  • indeterminate growth
  • individualistic hypothesis
  • induced fit
  • inducer
  • induction
  • inflammatory response
  • ingestion
  • ingroup
  • inhibit
  • inhibiting hormone
  • inhibitory postsynaptic potential (ipsp) (post'-sin-ap'-tik)
  • inner cell mass
  • inner ear
  • inositol trisphosphate (ips) (in-o'-suh-tol)
  • insecta
  • insertion
  • insertion sequence
  • insight learning
  • insulin (in'-su-lin)
  • insulinlike growth factors
  • integral protein
  • integration
  • integrin
  • integuments (in-teg'-u-ment)
  • interactive hypothesis
  • intercalated discs
  • interferon (in'-ter-fer'-on)
  • interieukin-2 (il-2)
  • interleukin-1 (il-1)
  • intermediate filament
  • internal fertilization
  • interneuron (in'-ter-nur'-on)
  • internode
  • interoreceptor
  • interphase
  • intersexual selection
  • interspecific competition
  • interstitial cells (in'-ter-stish'-ul)
  • interstitial fluid
  • intertidal zone
  • intracellular digestion
  • intrasexual selection
  • intrinsic rate of increase
  • introgression (in'-tro-gresh'-un)
  • intron (in'-tron)
  • invagination
  • inversion
  • invertebrate
  • involution
  • ion (i'-on)
  • ionic bond (i-on'-ik)
  • ionic compound
  • islets of langerhans
  • isogamy (i'-sog'-uh-me)
  • isomer (i'-so-mer)
  • isomorphic
  • isopods
  • isotonic (i'-so-ton'-ik)
  • iteroparity
  • jejunum
  • joule (j)
  • juvenile hormone (jh)
  • juxtaglomerular apparatus (juks'-tuh-gluh-mar'-u-ler)
  • juxtamedullary nephrons
  • k-selection
  • karyogamy (kar'-e-og'-uh-me)
  • karyotype (kar'-e-o-tip)
  • ketone
  • keystone predator
  • keystone species
  • kilocalorie (kcal)
  • kin selection
  • kinesis (kuh-ne'-sis)
  • kinetic energy (kuh-net'-ik)
  • kinetochore (kuh-net'-uh-kor)
  • kinetoplastid
  • kingdom
  • kingdom plantae
  • kingdom streptophyta
  • kingdom viridiplantae (vi-rid'-e-plant-e)
  • koch's postulates
  • krebs cycle
  • labia majora
  • labia minora
  • labor
  • lactation
  • lacteal (lak'-te-al)
  • lactic acid fermentation
  • lagging strand
  • lancelet
  • landmark
  • landscape ecology
  • landscape
  • larva (lar'-vuh) (plural, larvae)
  • larynx (lar'-inks)
  • lateral geniculate nuclei
  • lateral inhibition
  • lateral line system
  • lateral meristem (mar'-uh-stem)
  • lateral roots
  • law of independent assortment
  • law of segregation
  • leading strand
  • learning
  • lens
  • lepidosaurs
  • leukocyte (lu'-ko-sit)
  • leydig cell
  • lichen (li'-ken)
  • life cycle
  • life history
  • life table
  • ligament
  • ligand-gated ion channel
  • ligand-gated ion channel receptor
  • ligand (lig'-und)
  • light chains
  • light microscope (lm)
  • light reactions
  • lignin (lig'-nin)
  • limbic system (lim'-bik)
  • limnetic zone
  • linkage map
  • linked genes
  • lipase
  • lipid (lip'-id)
  • lipoprotein
  • littoral zone
  • liver
  • liverworts
  • loams
  • local regulator
  • locomotion
  • locus (lo'-kus) (plural, loci)
  • logistic population growth
  • long-day plant
  • long-term depression (ltd)
  • long-term memory
  • long-term potentiation (ltp)
  • loop of henie
  • loose connective tissue
  • lophophorate animals
  • lophophore (lof-uh-for)
  • lophotrochozoa
  • low-density lipoprotein (ldl)
  • lungs
  • luteal phase
  • luteinizing hormone (lh) (lu'-te-uh-ni'-zing)
  • lymph
  • lymph node
  • lymphatic system
  • lymphocyte
  • lysogenic cycle (li'-so-jen'-ik)
  • lysosome (li'-so-som)
  • lytic cycle (li'-tik)
  • m phase
  • macroevolution
  • macromolecule
  • macronutrient
  • macrophage (mak'-ro-faj)
  • major histocompatibility complex (mhc)
  • malignant tumor
  • malleus
  • malnourished
  • malpighian tubule (mal-pig'-e-un)
  • mammalia
  • mammary glands
  • mandibles
  • mantle cavity
  • mantle
  • map units
  • mark-recapture method
  • marsupial (mar-su'-pe-ul)
  • mass number
  • mast cell
  • maternal effect genes
  • matrix
  • matter
  • mechanoreceptor
  • medulla
  • medusa (muh-du'-suh)
  • megapascal (mpa) (meg'-uh-pas-kal')
  • megaphylls
  • megaspores
  • meiosis i
  • meiosis ii
  • meiosis (mi-o'-sis)
  • melanocyte-stimulating hormone
  • melatonin
  • membrane attack complex (mac)
  • membrane potential
  • memory cell
  • menstrual cycle (men'-stru-ul)
  • menstrual flow phase
  • menstruation
  • meristem identity genes
  • meristem (mar'-uh-stem)
  • meroblastic cleavage (mar'-o-blas'-tik)
  • mesentery (mez'-en-tar-e)
  • mesoderm (mez'-o-derm)
  • mesohyl (mes'-uh-hil)
  • mesophyll cell
  • mesophyll (mez'-o-fil)
  • mesotrophic
  • messenger rna (mrna)
  • metabolism (muh-tab'-uh-lizm)
  • metamorphosis (met'-uh-mor'-fuh-sis)
  • metanephridium (met'-uh-nuh-frid'-e-um) (plural, metanephridia)
  • metaphase
  • metaphase plate
  • metapopulation
  • metastasis (muh-tas'-tuh-sis)
  • methanogen
  • microclimate
  • microevolution
  • microfilament
  • micronutrient
  • microphylls
  • microspores
  • microtubule
  • microvillus (plural, microvilli)
  • midbrain
  • middle ear
  • middle lamella (luh-mel'-uh)
  • mimicry
  • mineral
  • mineral nutrients
  • mineralocorticoid
  • minimum dynamic area
  • minimum viable population size (mvp)
  • mismatch repair
  • missense mutation
  • mitochondrial matrix
  • mitochondrion (mi'-to-kon'-dre-on) (plural, mitochondria)
  • mitosis (mi-to'-sis)
  • mitotic phase
  • mitotic spindle
  • model organism
  • modern synthesis
  • molarity
  • mold
  • mole
  • molecular clocks
  • molecular formula
  • molecular weight
  • molecule
  • molting
  • monoclonal antibody (mon'-o-klon'-ul)
  • monocot (mon'-o-kot)
  • monoculture
  • monocyte
  • monoecious (muh-ne'-shus)
  • monogamous
  • monohybrid
  • monomer (mon'-uh-mer)
  • monophyletic (mon'-o-fi-let'-ik)
  • monosaccharide (mon'-o-sak'-uh-rid)
  • monosomic
  • monotreme (mon'-uh-trem)
  • morphogen
  • morphogenesis (mor'-fo-jen'-uh-sis)
  • morphogens
  • morphological species concept
  • morphospecies
  • morula (mor'-yuh-luh)
  • mosaic development
  • mosaic evolution
  • mosaic
  • motor division
  • motor neuron
  • motor output
  • motor unit
  • movement corridor
  • mpf (m-phase-promoting factor)
  • mucous membrane (myu'-kus)
  • müllerian mimicry (myu-lar'-e-un)
  • multifactorial
  • multigene family
  • multiple fruit
  • multiregional hypothesis
  • muscle spindle
  • muscle tissue
  • mutagen (myu'-tuh-jen)
  • mutagenesis (myu'-tuh-gen'-uh-sis)
  • mutant phenotypes
  • mutation (myu-ta'-shun)
  • mutualism (myu'-chu-ul-izm)
  • mycelium (mi-se'-le-um)
  • mycorrhiza (mi'-ko-ri'-zuh)
  • mycosis
  • myelin sheath (mi'-uh-lin)
  • myofibril (mi'-o-fi'-bril)
  • myofilaments
  • myoglobin (mi'-uh-glo'-bin)
  • myosin (mi'-uh-sin)
  • myotonia
  • nad4"
  • natural family planning
  • natural killer (nk) cell
  • natural selection
  • natural theology
  • negative feedback
  • negative pressure breathing
  • nematocysts (nem'-uh-tuh-sists)
  • nephron (nef'-ron)
  • neritic zone (nuh-rit'-ik)
  • nerve
  • nerve net
  • nervous tissue
  • net primary production (npp)
  • neural crest
  • neural tube
  • neurohypophysis (ner'-o-hi-pof-uh-sis)
  • neuron (ner'-on)
  • neuropeptides
  • neurosecretory cells
  • neurotransmitter
  • neutral variation
  • neutralization
  • neutron
  • neutrophil
  • niche
  • nitration
  • nitric oxide
  • nitrogen fixation
  • nitrogen-fixing bacteria
  • nitrogenase (ni-troj'-uh-naz)
  • nociceptor
  • node
  • nodes of ranvier (ran-ver')
  • nodules
  • noncompetitive inhibitor
  • noncyclic electron flow
  • noncyclic photophosphorylation (fo'-to-fos-for'-uh-la'-shun)
  • nondisjunction
  • nonequilibrium model
  • nonpolar covalent bond
  • nonsense mutation
  • nonshivering thermogenesis
  • norepinephrine
  • norm of reaction
  • notochord
  • nuclear envelope
  • nuclear lamina
  • nuclease
  • nucleic acid hybridization
  • nucleic acid
  • nucleic acid probe (nu-kla'-ik)
  • nucleoid (nu'-kle-oid)
  • nucleoid region
  • nucleolus (nu-kle'-o-lus) (plural, nucleoli)
  • nucleoside (nu'-kle-o-sid)
  • nucleosome (nu'-kle-o-som)
  • nucleotide excision repair
  • nucleotide (nu'-kle-o-tid)
  • nucleus
  • obligate aerobe (ob'-lig-et ar'-ob)
  • obligate anaerobe (ob'-lig-et an'-uh-rob)
  • oceanic pelagic biome
  • oceanic zone
  • olfactory receptors
  • oligodendrocytes (ol'-ig-o-den'-druh-sit)
  • oligotrophic lake
  • ommatidia (om'-uh-tid'-e-uh)
  • omnivore
  • oncogene (on'-ko-jen)
  • one gene-one polypeptide hypothesis
  • ontogeny (on-toj'-uh-ne)
  • oogamy (o-og'-uh-me)
  • oogenesis (o'-uh-jen'-uh-sis)
  • open circulatory system
  • operant conditioning (op'-er-ent)
  • operator
  • operculum
  • operon (op'-er-on)
  • opportunistic
  • opposable thumb
  • opsin
  • opsonization
  • optic chiasm
  • optimal foraging theory
  • oral cavity
  • order
  • organ identity gene
  • organ
  • organ of corti
  • organ system
  • organelle (or-guh-nel')
  • organic chemistry
  • organismal ecology
  • organogenesis (or-gan'-o-jen'-uh-sis)
  • orgasm
  • origins of replication
  • osculum
  • osmoconformer
  • osmolarity (oz'-mo-lar'-uh-te)
  • osmoregulation
  • osmoregulator
  • osmosis (oz-mo'-sis)
  • osmotic pressure (oz-mot'-ik)
  • osteichthyes (os-te-ik'-thez)
  • osteoblasts
  • osteons
  • ostracoderm (os-trak'-uh-derm)
  • out of africa hypothesis
  • outer ear
  • outgroup
  • oval window
  • ovarian cycle (o-var'-e-un)
  • ovary (o'-vuh-re)
  • overnourishment
  • oviduct (o'-vuh-duct)
  • oviparous (o-vip'-uh-rus)
  • ovoviviparous (o'-vo-vi-vip'-uh-rus)
  • ovulation
  • ovule (o'-vyul)
  • ovum (o'-vum)
  • oxidation
  • oxidative phosphorylation (fos'-for-uh-la-shun)
  • oxidizing agent
  • oxytocin
  • p generation
  • p site
  • p53 gene
  • pacemaker
  • paedogenesis (pe'-do-jen'-uh-sis)
  • paedomorphosis (pe'-duh-mor'-fuh-sis)
  • pain receptor
  • pair-rule genes
  • paleoanthropology
  • paleontology (pa'-le-un-tol'-o-je)
  • pancreas (pan'-kre-us)
  • pangaea (pan-je-uh)
  • parabasalids
  • parabronchi
  • paraphyletic (par'-uh-fi-let'-ik)
  • parasite (par'-uh-sit)
  • parasitism (par'-uh-sit-izm)
  • parasympathetic division
  • parathyroid glands
  • parathyroid hormone (pth)
  • parazoa (par'-uh-zo-uh)
  • parenchyma cell (puh-ren'-kim-uh)
  • parental investment
  • parental types
  • parsimony (par'-suh-mo'-ne)
  • parthenogenesis (par'-thuh-no-jen'-uh-sis)
  • partial pressure
  • parturition
  • passeriformes
  • passive immunity
  • passive transport
  • pattern formation
  • peat
  • peatlands
  • pedigree
  • pelagic zone (puh-laj'-ik)
  • penis
  • pep carboxylase
  • pepsin
  • pepsinogen
  • peptide bond
  • peptidoglycan (pep'-tid-o-gli'-kun)
  • perception
  • perennial (puh-ren'-e-ul)
  • pericarp
  • pericycle (par'-uh-si-kul)
  • periderm (par-uh-derm)
  • peripheral nervous system (pns)
  • peripheral protein
  • peripheral resistance
  • peristalsis (par'-uh-stal'-sis)
  • peristome
  • peritubular capillaries
  • permafrost
  • peroxisome (puh-rok'-suh-som)
  • petal
  • petiole (pet'-e-ol)
  • ph
  • phage (faj)
  • phagocytosis (fag'-o-si-to'-sis)
  • pharynx (far'-inks)
  • phase change
  • phenetics (fuh-net'-iks)
  • phenotype (fe'-no-tip)
  • pheromone (far'-uh-mon)
  • phloem (flo'-um)
  • phoronids
  • phosphate group (fos'-fat)
  • phospholipid (fos'-fo-lip'-id)
  • phosphorylated
  • photic zone (fo'-tic)
  • photoautotroph (fo'-to-ot'-o-trof)
  • photoheterotroph (fo'-to-het'-uh-ro-trof)
  • photon (fo'-ton)
  • photoperiodism (fo'-to-per'-e-o-dizm)
  • photophosphorylation (fo'-to-fos'-for-uh-la'-shun)
  • photopsin (fo-top'-sin)
  • photoreceptor
  • photorespiration
  • photosynthesis
  • photosystem i
  • photosystem ii
  • photosystem
  • phototropism (fo'-to-tro'-pizm)
  • phragmoplast
  • phylogeny (fi-loj'-uh-ne)
  • phylum anthocerophyta
  • phylum bryophyta
  • phylum chelicerata
  • phylum crustacea
  • phylum (fi'-lum)
  • phylum hepatophyta
  • phylum trilobita
  • phylum uniramia
  • physiology
  • phytoalexin (fi'-to-uh-lek'-sin)
  • phytochrome (fi'-tuh-krom)
  • phytoplankton (fi'-to-plank'-ton)
  • phytoremediation
  • pilus (plural, pili) (pi'-lus, pi'-li)
  • pineal gland (pin'-e-ul)
  • pinocytosis (pi'-no-si-to'-sis)
  • pitch
  • pith
  • pits
  • pituitary gland (puh-tu'-uh-tar-e)
  • placenta (pluh-sen'-tuh)
  • placental mammal
  • placental transfer cells
  • placoderm (plak'-o-derm)
  • planarians
  • plankton
  • plantae (plan'-ta)
  • plasma cell
  • plasma membrane
  • plasma (plaz'-muh)
  • plasmid (plaz'-mid)
  • plasmodesma (plaz'-mo-dez'-muh) (plural, plasmodesmata)
  • plasmodial slime mold (plaz-mo'-de-ul)
  • plasmogamy
  • plasmolysis (plaz-mol'-uh-sis)
  • plasmolyze
  • plastid
  • platelet
  • play
  • pleated sheet
  • pleiotropy (pli'-uh-tro-pe)
  • plesiomorphic character (plez'-e-o-mor'-fik)
  • pluralistic species concept
  • pluripotent stem cell
  • podocytes
  • point mutation
  • polar covalent bond
  • polar molecule
  • polarity
  • pollen grains
  • pollination (pol'-uh-na'-shun)
  • poly(a) tail
  • polyandry (pol'-e-an'-dre)
  • polygamous
  • polygenic inheritance (pol'-e-jen'-ik)
  • polygyny (puh-lij'-en-e)
  • polymer (pol'-uh-mer)
  • polymerase chain reaction (pcr) (puh-lim'-uh-ras)
  • polymorphic (pol'-e-mor'-fik)
  • polymorphism (pol'-e-mor'-fizm)
  • polynucleotide (pol'-e-nu'-kle-o-tid)
  • polyp (pol'-ip)
  • polypeptide (pol'-e-pep'-tid)
  • polyphyletic
  • polyploidy (pol'-e-ploy'-de)
  • polyribosome (pol'-e-ri'-bo-som)
  • polysaccharide (pol'-e-sak'-uh-rid)
  • population ecology
  • population genetics
  • population
  • population viability analysis (pva)
  • positional information
  • positive feedback
  • positive pressure breathing
  • posterior
  • posterior pituitary
  • postsynaptic cell
  • postsynaptic membrane
  • postzygotic barrier (post'-zi-got'-ik)
  • potential energy
  • precautionary principle
  • predation
  • preformation
  • pregnancy
  • preprophase band
  • prepuce (pre'-pyus)
  • presynaptic cell
  • presynaptic membrane
  • prezygotic barrier (pre'-zi-got'-ik)
  • primary cell wall
  • primary consumer
  • primary electron acceptor
  • primary germ layers
  • primary growth
  • primary immune response
  • primary oocyte (o'-uh-sit)
  • primary producer
  • primary production
  • primary structure
  • primary succession
  • primary transcript
  • primary visual cortex
  • primase
  • primer
  • primitive streak
  • principle of allocation
  • principle of parsimony
  • prion
  • probe
  • procambium (pro-kam'-be-um)
  • product
  • profundal zone
  • progestin (pro-jes'-tin)
  • prognathic jaws
  • progymnosperms
  • prokaryotic cell (pro'-kar'-e-ot'-ik)
  • prolactin
  • proliferative phase
  • prometaphase
  • promiscuous
  • promoter
  • prophage (pro'-faj)
  • prophase
  • prosimians
  • prostaglandin (pg) (pros'-tuh-glan'-din)
  • prostate gland (pros'-tat)
  • protandrous
  • proteasome
  • protein kinase
  • protein phosphatase
  • protein (pro'-ten)
  • proteoglycan (pro'-te-o-gli'-kun)
  • proto-oncogene (pro'-to-on'-ko-jen)
  • protobionts
  • protoderm (pro'-to-derm)
  • protogynous
  • proton-motive force
  • proton (pro'-ton)
  • proton pump
  • protonema
  • protonephridium (pro'-to-nuh-frid'-e-um)
  • protoplast fusion
  • protoplast
  • protostome (pro'-to-stom)
  • protozoan (pro'-to-zo'-un) (plural, protozoa)
  • protracheophyte polysporangiophytes
  • provirus
  • proximal tubule
  • proximate causation
  • pseudocoelom
  • pseudocoelomate (su'-do-se'-lo-mat)
  • pseudogenes
  • pseudopodium (su-do-po'-de-um) (plural, pseudopodia)
  • pteridophytes
  • pterosaurs
  • pulmocutaneous
  • pulmonary circuit
  • pulse
  • punctuated equilibrium
  • punnett square
  • pupil
  • purine (pyu'-ren)
  • pyloric sphincter (pi-lor'-ik sfink'-ter)
  • pyrimidine (puh-rim'-uh-den)
  • pyrogen
  • qio effect
  • quantitative character
  • quaternary structure (kwot'-er-nar-e)
  • quiescent center
  • r plasmid
  • r-selection
  • radial cleavage
  • radial symmetry
  • radiata
  • radiation
  • radicle
  • radioactive dating
  • radioactive isotope
  • radiometric dating
  • radula
  • random
  • ras gene
  • ratites (rat'-its)
  • ray-finned fish
  • ray initials
  • reactant
  • reaction center
  • reading frame
  • receptacle
  • receptor-mediated endocytosis (en'-do-si-to'-sis)
  • receptor potential
  • recessive allele
  • reciprocal altruism
  • recognition species concept
  • recombinant chromosomes
  • recombinant dna
  • recombinant
  • reconciliation behavior
  • recruitment
  • rectum
  • red blood cell
  • redox reaction (re'-doks)
  • reducing agent
  • reduction
  • redundancy model
  • reflex arc
  • reflex
  • refractory period (re-frak'-tor-e)
  • regeneration
  • regulative development
  • regulator
  • regulatory gene
  • relative abundance
  • relative fitness
  • releaser
  • releasing hormone
  • renal artery
  • renal cortex
  • renal medulla
  • renal vein
  • renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (raas)
  • repeated reproduction
  • repetitive dna
  • replacement hypothesis
  • replication fork
  • represser
  • reproductive table
  • reptilia (rep-til'-e-uh)
  • residual volume
  • resolving power
  • resource partitioning
  • respiratory medium
  • respiratory pigment
  • respiratory surface
  • resting potential
  • restriction enzyme
  • restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps)
  • restriction site
  • reticular fibers
  • reticular formation
  • retina (ret'-uh-nuh)
  • retinal
  • retrotransposons
  • retrovirus (ret'-tro-vi'-rus)
  • reverse transcriptase (tran-skrip'-tas)
  • rh factor
  • rhizoids
  • rhodopsin
  • rhythm method
  • ribonucleic acid (rna) (ri'-bo-nu-kla'-ik)
  • ribose
  • ribosomal rna (rrna) (ri'-buh-som'-ul)
  • ribosome
  • ribozyme (ri'-bo-zim)
  • ritual
  • rivet model
  • rna interference (rnai)
  • rna polymerase
  • rna processing
  • rna splicing
  • rod cell
  • root cap
  • root hair
  • root pressure
  • root system
  • rosette cellulose-synthesizing complexes
  • rough er
  • round window
  • rubisco
  • ruminant
  • s phase
  • sa (sinoatrial) node
  • sac fungi
  • saccule
  • salivary amylase
  • salivary glands
  • salt
  • saltatory conduction (sol'-tuh-tor'-e)
  • saprobe
  • sarcomere (sar'-ko-mer)
  • sarcoplasmic reticulum
  • saturated fatty acid
  • savanna (suh-van'-uh)
  • scaffolding protein
  • scanning electron microscope (sem)
  • schizocoelous
  • schwann cells
  • scion (si'-un)
  • sclera (sklar'-uh)
  • sclereid (sklar'-e-id)
  • sclerenchyma cell (skluh-ren'-ke-muh)
  • scrotum
  • scutellum (sku-tel'-um)
  • seascape
  • second law of thermodynamics
  • second messenger
  • secondary cell wall
  • secondary compound
  • secondary consumer
  • secondary growth
  • secondary immune response
  • secondary oocyte
  • secondary plant body
  • secondary production
  • secondary structure
  • secondary succession
  • secretion
  • secretory phase
  • sedimentary rock (sed'-uh-men'-tuh-re)
  • seed coat
  • seed
  • seedless vascular plants
  • segment-polarity genes
  • segmentation genes
  • selection coefficient
  • selective channels
  • selective permeability
  • self-incompatibility
  • semelparity
  • semen (se'-mun)
  • semicircular canals
  • semiconservative model
  • semilunar valve
  • seminal vesicle (sem'-uh-nul ves'-uh-kul)
  • seminiferous tubules (sem'-uh-nif'-uh-rus)
  • sensation
  • sensitive period
  • sensory adaptation
  • sensory division
  • sensory input
  • sensory neuron
  • sensory reception
  • sensory receptor
  • sensory transduction
  • sepal (se'-pul)
  • septa
  • sequential hermaphroditism
  • serotonin
  • seta (se'-tuh)
  • sex chromosomes
  • sex-linked gene
  • sexual dimorphism (di'-mor'-fizm)
  • sexual reproduction
  • sexual selection
  • shared derived character
  • shared primitive character
  • shoot system
  • short-day plant
  • short-term memory
  • sickle-cell disease
  • sieve plate
  • sieve-tube member
  • sign stimulus
  • signal
  • signal peptide
  • signal recognition particle (srp)
  • signal-transduction pathway
  • signature sequences
  • simple epithelium
  • single-lens eye
  • single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps)
  • single-strand binding protein
  • sink habitat
  • sinuses
  • sister chromatids
  • skeletal muscle
  • sliding-filament model
  • slow block to polyspermy
  • slow muscle fibers
  • small intestine
  • small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snrnp) (ri'-bo-nu'-kle-o-pro'-ten)
  • smooth er
  • smooth muscle
  • snowball earth
  • social behavior
  • sociobiology
  • sodium-potassium pump
  • solute (sol'-ut)
  • solution
  • solvent
  • somatic cell (so-mat'-ik)
  • somatic nervous system
  • somites
  • soredia
  • sori
  • sotope (i'-so-top)
  • source habitat
  • southern blotting
  • specialized transduction
  • speciation (spe'-se-a'-shun)
  • species-area curve
  • species diversity
  • species
  • species richness
  • species selection
  • specific epithet
  • specific heat
  • spectrophotometer
  • spermatheca (sper'-muh-the'-kuh)
  • spermatogenesis
  • spermatozoon
  • sphincter (sfink'-ter)
  • spinal nerve
  • spiral cleavage
  • spiral valve
  • spliceosome (spli'-se-o-som)
  • spongocoel (spon'-go-sel)
  • spontaneous generation
  • sporangium (plural, sporangia)
  • spore
  • spore mother cells
  • sporophylls
  • sporophyte (spor'-o-fit)
  • sporopollenin (spor'-uh-pol'-uh-nin)
  • sporozoites (spor'-uh-zo'-its)
  • squamata
  • squamous
  • stability
  • stabilizing selection
  • stamen (sta'-men)
  • standard metabolic rate (smr)
  • stapes
  • starch
  • statocyst (stat'-uh-sist')
  • statolith
  • stele
  • stem cell
  • stenohaline
  • stereoisomer
  • steroid
  • sticky end
  • stigma (plural, stigmata)
  • stipe
  • stock
  • stoma (sto'-muh) (plural, stomata)
  • stomata
  • stramenopila
  • stratified epithelium
  • stress-induced proteins
  • strict aerobe
  • strict anaerobe
  • stroke volume
  • stroma (stro'-muh)
  • stromatolite
  • structural formula
  • structural isomers
  • style
  • substance p
  • substrate-feeders
  • substrate-level phosphorylation
  • substrate
  • sugar sink
  • sugar source
  • sulfhydryl group
  • summation
  • supporting cell
  • suppressor t cell (tg)
  • suprachiasmatic nuclei (scn)
  • surface tension
  • survivorship curve
  • suspension-feeder
  • sustainable agriculture
  • sustainable development
  • swim bladder
  • symbiont (sim'-be-unt)
  • symbiosis
  • sympathetic division
  • sympatric speciation (sim-pat'-rik)
  • symplast
  • synapomorphies
  • synapse (sin'-aps)
  • synapsids
  • synapsis
  • synaptic cleft (sin-ap'-tik)
  • synaptic terminal
  • synaptic vesicles
  • syngamy (sin'-gam-e)
  • systematics
  • systemic acquired resistance (sar)
  • systemic circulation
  • systole (sis'-to-le)
  • t cell receptor
  • t-dependent antigen
  • t-independent antigen
  • t lymphocyte (t cell)
  • t (transverse) tubules
  • taiga (ti'-guh)
  • taproot
  • target cell
  • tata box
  • taxis (tak'-sis)
  • taxon (plural, taxa)
  • taxonomy (tak-son'-uh-me)
  • tay-sachs disease
  • telomerase
  • telomere (tel'-uh-mer)
  • telophase
  • temperate deciduous forest
  • temperate phages
  • temperate virus
  • temperature
  • template strand
  • tendon
  • tension
  • terminal bud
  • terminator
  • territory
  • tertiary consumer
  • tertiary structure (ter'-she-ar-e)
  • testcross
  • testis (plural, testes)
  • testosterone
  • tetanus (tet'-uh-nus)
  • tetrad
  • tetrapod
  • thalamus (thal'-uh-mus)
  • thallus (plural,-thalli)
  • therapsids
  • thermocline
  • thermodynamics (ther'-mo-di-nam'-iks)
  • thermoreceptor
  • thermoregulation
  • theropods
  • thick filament
  • thigmomorphogenesis
  • thigmotropism (thig'-mo-tro'-pizm)
  • thin filament
  • thiol
  • thoracic cavity
  • threatened species
  • three-domain system
  • threshold potential
  • thrombus
  • thylakoid (thi'-luh-koyd)
  • thymus (thi'-mus)
  • thyroid gland
  • thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh)
  • ti plasmid
  • tidal volume
  • tight junction
  • tissue
  • tolerate
  • tonoplast
  • top-down model
  • topsoil
  • torpor
  • torsion
  • totipotency
  • totipotent
  • trace element
  • trachea (tra'-ke-uh)
  • tracheae (tra'-ke-e)
  • tracheal system
  • tracheid (tra'-ke-id)
  • transcription factor
  • transcription initiation complex
  • transcription
  • transduction
  • transfer cells
  • transfer rna (trna)
  • transformation
  • translation
  • translocation
  • transmission electron microscope (tem)
  • transmission
  • transpiration
  • transpiration-to-photosynthesis ratio
  • transport protein
  • transport vesicle
  • transposon (trans-po'-zon)
  • triacylglycerol
  • triiodothyrodine (tri'-i-o'-do-thi'-ro-den)
  • trilobita
  • trilobites
  • trimester
  • triplet code
  • triploblastic
  • trisomic
  • trochophore
  • trophic level (tro'-fik)
  • trophic structure
  • trophoblast
  • tropic hormone
  • tropical rain forest
  • tropics
  • tropism
  • tropomyosin
  • troponin complex
  • true-breeding
  • trypsin
  • tubal ligation
  • tube feet
  • tumor antigen
  • tumor
  • tumor-suppressor gene
  • tundra
  • tunicates
  • turgid (ter'-jid)
  • turgor pressure
  • turnover
  • tympanic membrane
  • type i diabetes mellitus
  • type ii diabetes mellitus
  • tyrosine kinase
  • tyrosine kinase receptor
  • ultimate causation
  • ultracentrifuge
  • undernourishment
  • uniform
  • uniformitarianism
  • uniramia
  • uniramians
  • unisexual flower
  • unsaturated fatty acid
  • urbilateria
  • urea
  • ureter
  • urethra
  • uric acid
  • urinary bladder
  • urochordate
  • urodela
  • uterus
  • utricle
  • vaccination
  • vaccine
  • vacuole (vak'-u-ol)
  • vagina
  • valence electron
  • valence
  • valence shell
  • van der waals interactions
  • variation
  • vas deferens
  • vasa recta
  • vascular bundle (vas'-kyu-ler)
  • vascular cambium
  • vascular plant
  • vascular tissue
  • vascular tissue system
  • vasectomy
  • vasocongestion
  • vasoconstriction
  • vasodilation
  • vegetal pole
  • vegetative reproduction
  • vein
  • ventilation
  • ventral
  • ventricle (ven'-truh-kul)
  • venule (ven'-ul)
  • vertebrate
  • vesicle
  • vessel element
  • vestibule
  • vestigial organs
  • villi (singular, villus)
  • viral envelope
  • viroid (vi'-royd)
  • virulent virus
  • visceral mass
  • visceral muscle
  • visible light
  • vital capacity
  • vitalism
  • vitamin d
  • vitamin
  • vitreous humor
  • viviparous (vi-vip'-uh-rus)
  • vocal cord
  • voltage-gated ion channels
  • water molds
  • water potential
  • water vascular system
  • wavelength
  • wetland
  • white blood cell
  • white matter
  • white rusts
  • wild type
  • wobble
  • x-ray crystallography
  • xerophytes
  • xylem (zi'-lum)
  • yeast artificial chromosomes (yacs)
  • yeast
  • yolk
  • yolk plug
  • yolk sac
  • z line
  • zero population growth
  • zona pellucida
  • zone of elongation
  • zone of maturation
  • zone of polarizing activity
  • zoned reserve
  • zygote

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    Glossary of biology terms meaning and definition