Glossary of social sciences terms meaning and definition

 

 

Glossary of social sciences terms meaning and definition

 

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Glossary of social sciences terms meaning and definition

 

  • absolute poverty
  • achieved status
  • acid rain
  • acquired immune deficiency (aids)
  • acute disease
  • adaptation
  • adult socialization
  • affective action
  • affirmative action
  • age cohort
  • age discrimination
  • age grades
  • ageism
  • agencies of socialization
  • agrarian societies
  • agribusiness
  • air pollution
  • alienation
  • americanization
  • animism
  • anomia
  • anomie
  • anomie theory
  • anthropology
  • anticipatory socialization
  • anti-semitism
  • apartheid
  • applied sociology
  • appropriate technology
  • arms race
  • arms trade
  • arranged marriage
  • artisans
  • assimilation
  • authoritarian personality
  • authority
  • autocratic rule
  • automation
  • balance of power
  • beliefs
  • bilateral kinship
  • bioethics
  • biological determinism
  • blended family
  • bourgeoisie
  • bureaucracy
  • bureaucratization
  • capital
  • capitalism
  • capitalist class
  • carrying capacity
  • cash-crop production
  • cash-nexus
  • caste system
  • cathedrals of consumption
  • causation
  • census
  • centralization
  • charisma
  • charismatic authority
  • chronic disease
  • church
  • citizen
  • civil disorders
  • civil religion
  • civil rights
  • clan
  • class
  • class consciousness
  • class system
  • clerical workers
  • climate change
  • cognition
  • cognitive ability
  • cohort
  • collective action
  • collective behavior
  • collective conscience
  • colonialism
  • coming out
  • commercialization
  • commodification
  • commodity chains
  • commodity riots
  • communal riots
  • communication
  • communication technology
  • communism
  • community
  • comparable worth
  • concept
  • confirmation bias
  • conflict
  • conflict theory
  • conformity
  • conglomerates
  • consensus
  • conspicuous consumption
  • consumerism
  • contagion theory
  • content analysis
  • contingency work
  • contradiction
  • contradictory class location
  • core countries
  • corporate crime
  • corporations
  • correlations
  • cost-benefit decision making
  • counter-culture
  • craftsman
  • created environment
  • credentialism
  • crisis medicine
  • cross tabulation (crosstabs)
  • crude birth-rate
  • cult
  • cultural anthropology
  • cultural diffusion
  • cultural lag
  • cultural materialism
  • cultural pluralism
  • cultural relativism
  • cultural superstructure
  • cultural transmission
  • cultural universals
  • culture
  • culture of poverty
  • culture shock
  • cumulative change
  • curative medicine
  • custodial care
  • data
  • data analysis
  • de facto segregation
  • de jure segregation
  • deductive reasoning
  • defensive medicine
  • defensive medicine
  • deforestation
  • dehumanization
  • deindustrialization
  • deinstitutionalization
  • democracy
  • demographic transition
  • demography
  • density
  • dependency theory
  • dependent variable
  • depletion
  • desertification
  • detailed division of labor
  • deterrence theory
  • deviance
  • deviant behavior
  • deviant community
  • deviant identity
  • deviant subculture
  • dialectic
  • dictatorship
  • differential association
  • differentiation
  • diffusion
  • discrimination
  • disenchantment
  • disintegration
  • disorganization
  • division of labor
  • domestic labor
  • dominant culture
  • double standard
  • doubling time
  • dramaturgical model
  • dual career family
  • dual labor market
  • dual welfare system
  • dyad
  • dysfunction
  • ecology
  • economic interdependence
  • economy
  • ecosystem
  • education
  • education system
  • educational deflation
  • egalitarian family
  • ego
  • elderly abuse
  • elite
  • elitist
  • emigration
  • empire
  • empirical
  • empiricism
  • endogamy
  • enlightenment
  • entrepreneur
  • entropy
  • environment
  • environmentalism
  • epidemiology
  • estate system
  • ethnic group
  • ethnicity
  • ethnocentrism
  • ethnomethodology
  • eugenics
  • eutrophication
  • evaluation research
  • evolution
  • exchange reciprocity
  • exogamy
  • experiment
  • exponential growth
  • expropriation
  • extended family
  • fad
  • false consciousness
  • family
  • family of orientation
  • family of procreation
  • fecundity
  • feedback loop
  • fee-for-service medicine
  • femininity
  • feminism
  • feminization of poverty
  • feudalism
  • field research
  • first world
  • flextime
  • folkways
  • forces of production
  • fordism
  • formal organization
  • formal rationality
  • forms
  • functional analysis
  • functionalism
  • functions
  • fundamentalism
  • futurists
  • game stage
  • gang
  • gemeinschaft
  • gender
  • gender gap
  • gender identity
  • generalization
  • genetic engineering
  • genocide
  • gentrification
  • gesellschaft
  • ghetto
  • glass ceiling
  • global stratification
  • globalization
  • government
  • green revolution
  • greenhouse effect
  • gross domestic product (gdp)
  • gross national product (gnp)
  • group
  • group size effect
  • groupthink
  • guerilla movement
  • hate crime
  • health maintenance organization (hmos)
  • hegemon
  • herding societies (pastoral societies)
  • hidden curriculum
  • higher education
  • high-trust systems
  • historical materialism
  • holistic
  • holistic medicine
  • homo duplex
  • homogamy
  • homogenization
  • horticultural society
  • hospice
  • household
  • housework (domestic labor)
  • human ecology
  • human relations management
  • humanitarianism
  • hunting and gathering societies
  • hyper-consumption
  • hyper-industrialism
  • hypothesis
  • iatrogenic
  • ideal type
  • idealism
  • idealist
  • ideology
  • idiographic
  • immigration
  • imperialism
  • impression management
  • income
  • independent variable
  • index crime
  • indigenous cultures
  • individualism
  • inductive reasoning
  • industrial democracy
  • industrial production
  • industrial revolution
  • industrial society
  • industrialism
  • industrialization
  • industrialization of war
  • informal relations
  • infrastructural determinism
  • infrastructure
  • in-group
  • inner city
  • innovation
  • instinct
  • institution
  • institutional capitalism
  • institutional discrimination
  • institutional racism
  • institutionalization
  • insurrection
  • integration
  • intelligence
  • intelligence quotient (iq)
  • intensification
  • interest groups
  • intergenerational mobility
  • interlocking directorates
  • intermediate organization
  • internal colonialism
  • internalization
  • international division of labor
  • iron law of oligarchy
  • irrationality factor
  • jeremiad
  • job displacement
  • kinesic communication
  • kinship
  • labeling effect
  • labor
  • labor power
  • laissez-faire
  • language
  • law
  • legitimacy
  • legitimation
  • legitimation crisis
  • liberal democracy
  • life chances
  • life expectancy
  • life-span
  • lifestyle changes
  • limited war
  • literacy
  • local knowledge
  • longevity
  • looking glass self
  • low-trust systems
  • luddites
  • macrosociology
  • magic
  • male inexpressiveness
  • malthusianism
  • managed care
  • management
  • managerial capitalism
  • managerial demiurge
  • manifest function
  • manipulation
  • manufacturing division of labor
  • market research
  • marxism
  • masculinity
  • mass media
  • master status
  • material culture
  • materialism
  • materialist
  • matriarchy
  • matrilineal descent
  • matrilocality
  • mean
  • means of consumption
  • means of production
  • mechanical solidarity
  • mechanization
  • median
  • medicaid
  • medical model
  • medicalization
  • medicare
  • megalopolis
  • mental disorder
  • mental superstructure
  • microsociology
  • middle class
  • migration
  • millenarianism
  • mini-systems
  • minority group
  • mixed economy
  • mobilization
  • mode
  • mode of production
  • mode of reproduction
  • modernity
  • modernization
  • monarchy
  • monogamy
  • monopoly
  • monopoly capitalism
  • monotheism
  • mortality rate
  • motive
  • multiculturalism
  • multi-linear evolution
  • multinational corporations
  • nation state
  • nationalism
  • neo-colonialism
  • neo-locality
  • newly industrialized countries
  • nomothetic
  • nonmaterial culture
  • non-state actors
  • normative consensus
  • normative structure
  • norms
  • nuclear family
  • objectivity
  • occupational distribution
  • occupational prestige
  • oligarchy
  • oligopoly
  • open lineage family
  • operatives and laborers
  • organic solidarity
  • organization
  • organized crime
  • ownership
  • ozone depletion
  • participant observation
  • participatory democracy
  • pastoral societies (herding societies)
  • patient dumping
  • patriarchy
  • patrilineal descent
  • patrilocality
  • pauperization
  • peasants
  • peer group
  • peripheral countries
  • personal crime
  • personality
  • physician assistant
  • play stage
  • plea bargaining
  • pluralist
  • pluralist theory
  • plutocracy
  • policy research
  • political action committees (pacs)
  • political party
  • politics
  • pollution
  • polytheism
  • popular culture
  • population
  • population density
  • population replacement level
  • positivism
  • postindustrial societies
  • postmodernism
  • poverty line
  • power
  • power elite
  • pre-industrial societies
  • prejudice
  • prestige
  • primacy of the infrastructure
  • primary deviance
  • primary group
  • primary group structure
  • primary labor market
  • primary needs
  • primary sector
  • private health care
  • profane
  • professions
  • proletariat
  • propaganda
  • property crime
  • protestant ethic
  • psychoanalytic theory
  • psychopath
  • psychosis
  • public health care
  • qualitative research
  • quantitative research
  • race
  • racial profiling
  • racism
  • radical movements
  • random sample
  • rational choice theory
  • rationalism
  • rationality
  • rationalization
  • rational-legal authority
  • reactionary movements
  • rebellion
  • recidivism rate
  • reciprocity
  • reference group
  • reform movement
  • relations of production
  • relative deprivation
  • relative poverty
  • reliability
  • religion
  • religiosity
  • replication study
  • representative democracy
  • research design
  • research methods
  • resocialization
  • retirement center
  • retreatism
  • revolution
  • riots
  • rite of passage
  • ritual
  • ritualism
  • role
  • role conflict
  • role model
  • role set
  • role strain
  • ruling class
  • sacred
  • sampling
  • sanctions
  • sapir-whorf hypothesis
  • scapegoating
  • schizophrenia
  • science
  • scientific management
  • scientific method
  • script
  • second world countries
  • secondary deviance
  • secondary group
  • secondary group structure
  • secondary labor market
  • secondary literature
  • secondary needs
  • secondary organization
  • sect
  • secular
  • secularization
  • segregation
  • self-consciousness (self)
  • self-fulfilling prophecy
  • semi-periphery countries
  • semi-professions
  • serial monogamy
  • service workers
  • sick role
  • significant other
  • social action
  • social change
  • social class
  • social construction
  • social control
  • social control agents
  • social darwinism
  • social differentiation
  • social disintegration
  • social disorganization
  • social evolution
  • social facts
  • social forces
  • social groups
  • social institutions
  • social interaction
  • social issues
  • social justice
  • social mobility
  • social movement
  • social network
  • social organization
  • social reproduction
  • social role
  • social stratification
  • social structure
  • socialism
  • socialization
  • society
  • sociobiology
  • sociocultural materialism
  • sociocultural system
  • socioeconomic status (ses)
  • sociological imagination
  • sociology
  • solid waste
  • specialization
  • split labor market
  • state
  • state society
  • stateless society
  • statics
  • status
  • status attainment
  • status inconsistency
  • status quo
  • status set
  • step family
  • stereotype
  • stigma
  • strategic defense initiative (star wars)
  • stratification
  • straw man
  • strike
  • structural strain theory
  • structural unemployment
  • structure
  • subculture
  • substantive rationality
  • suburbanization
  • sui generis
  • superego
  • superstructure
  • surplus value
  • surveillance
  • survey
  • sweatshops
  • symbol
  • symbolic interaction
  • synthesis
  • taboos
  • taylorism
  • technical specialists
  • technology
  • tertiary sector
  • theory
  • third world countries
  • title ix
  • total institution
  • total war
  • totalitarianism
  • totem
  • totemism
  • tracking
  • trading networks
  • traditional action
  • traditional authority
  • traditional states
  • transformative movement
  • transitional class
  • transnational corporation
  • triad
  • tribute
  • troubles
  • unconscious
  • underclass
  • underemployment
  • unemployment rate
  • unilinear evolution
  • unintended consequences
  • union
  • upper class
  • urban ecology
  • urban renewal
  • urbanism
  • urbanization
  • utilitarian organization
  • validity
  • values
  • variables
  • verstehen
  • vertical mobility
  • vested interests
  • vital statistics
  • voluntary organizations
  • wealth
  • wealthfare
  • welfare
  • welfare state
  • wertrational
  • white collar
  • white collar crime
  • will
  • working class
  • world economy
  • world-systems theory
  • xenophobia
  • zero population growth (zpg)
  • zweckrational

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